目的 分析丁苯酞（NBP）注射液联合肢体缺血后适应（LIPost C）治疗老年大动脉粥样硬化型脑梗死患者的临床疗效。 方法 以随机数字表法将2020年10月至2022年10月浙江省人民医院毕节医院收治的160例大动脉粥样硬化型脑梗死患者分为NBP组（NBP注射液治疗）、LIPost C组（LIPost C治疗）、NBP + 假LIPost C组（NBP注射液联合假LIPost C治疗）及NBP+LIPost C组（NBP注射液联合LIPost C治疗），各40例。4组均治疗1个月。比较4组治疗前后侧支循环［软脑膜评分法（rLMC）］、神经功能［美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIHSS）］、肢体功能残缺程度［改良Rankin量表（MRS）］、认知功能［简明精神状态量表（MMSE）］及日常生活能力（Barthel指数），记录4组出血不良事件发生情况。 结果 治疗1个月，4组rLMC评分均上升，且NBP + LIPost C组rLMC评分较其他3组高（P < 0.05）；4组治疗各时点的NIHSS评分、MRS评分均降低，且NBP + LIPost C组低于其他3组（P < 0.05）；4组治疗各时点的MMSE评分、Barthel指数均升高（P < 0.05），且NBP + LIPost C组高于其他3组（P < 0.05）；4组治疗期间出血不良事件发生率对比，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。 结论 NBP联合LIPost C能有效促进老年大动脉粥样硬化型脑梗死患者侧支循环建立及神经功能恢复，并能提高其运动功能、日常生活能力及认知功能，且安全性较高。

Objective To analyze the joint efficacy of butylphthalide （NBP） and limb ischemic postconditioning （LIPost C） in the treatment of elderly patients with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction. Methods A total of 160 patients with large atherosclerotic cerebral infarction hospitalized in Bijie Hospital from October 2020 to October 2022 were divided into four groups： NBP， LIPost C， NBP + sham LIPost C， and NBP + LIPost C by the random number table method， with 40 cases in each group. Before and after one-month treatment， the four groups were compared in terms of collateral circulation evaluated by the leptomeningeal scoring （rLMC）， neurological function evaluated by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale （NIHSS）， limb function disability evaluated by the Modified Rankin Scale （MRS）， cognitive function evaluated by the Mini Mental State Scale （MMSE）， daily living ability evaluated by the Barthel Index， as well as the occurrence of bleeding adverse events. Results After one-month treatment， the four groups all showed an increase in the rLMC score， with the NBP + LIPost C group significantly higher than the other three groups （P < 0.05）， and a decrease in the scores of NIHSS and MRS at each time point， with the NBP + LIPost C group significantly lower than the other three groups （P < 0.05）. Additionally， the four groups demonstrated an increase in the MMSE score and Barthel index at each time point （P < 0.05）， with the NBP + LIPost C group higher than the other three groups （P < 0.05）. Moreover， all the four groups showed no statistically significant difference in the incidence of bleeding adverse events （P > 0.05）. Conclusion NBP combined with LIPost C can effectively promote the establishment of collateral circulation and the recovery of neurological function in elderly patients with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction. Meanwhile， it can improve their motor function， daily living ability， and cognitive function. Moreover， it has high safety.