Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is the most common chronic complication in diabetic patients and a major risk factor for diabetic foot，fracture，and non⁃traumatic amputation. Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy is also a major risk factor for cardiovascular events and death in diabetics. Because diabetic peripheral neuropathy frequently has no specific symptoms at the early stage，and more than half of patients have no symptoms，it is frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage，which has a serious impact on patients′ quality of life and mortality.However，there is currently no effective treatment for diabetic peripheral neuropathy. As a result，diabetic peripheral neuropathy is also known as the“silent killer”. This article reviews the key clinical issues of diabetic peripheral neuropathy based on the most recent guidelines and consensus，with the goal of improving clinical attention and early prevention and control of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.