实用医学杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 682-687.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2024.05.016

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

Ⅰ期综合心脏康复对ST段抬高型心肌梗死急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后患者的疗效

任月1,田婷1,韦光胜1,张明1,俞泓1,李杰2,董婷婷3,冯银妹1,崔洪超1,张蛟1()   

  1. 1.国家电网公司北京电力医院心血管内科 (北京 100055 )
    2.河北医科大学第一医院 (石家庄 050000 )
    3.北京大学国际医院 (北京 102206 )
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-25 出版日期:2024-03-10 发布日期:2024-03-26
  • 通讯作者: 张蛟 E-mail:15011558161@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    北京市自然科学基金资助项目(7234398)

Effect of stage I comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation in patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarctionafter emergency percutaneous coronary intervention

Yue REN1,Ting TIAN1,Guangsheng WEI1,Ming ZHANG1,Hong YU1,Jie LI2,Tingting DONG3,Yinmei FENG1,Hongchao CUI1,Jiao. ZHANG1()   

  1. *.Department of Cardiovascular,State Grid Corporation Beijing Electric Power Hospital,Beijing 100055,China
  • Received:2023-07-25 Online:2024-03-10 Published:2024-03-26
  • Contact: Jiao. ZHANG E-mail:15011558161@163.com

摘要:

目的 探究Ⅰ期综合心脏康复对于急性 ST 段抬高型心肌梗死(ST elevation myocardial infarction, STEMI)患者急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention, PCI)后的康复疗效。 方法 选取2021年6月至2022年6月国家电网公司北京电力医院心血管内科收治的72例急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死并行急诊PCI的患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其随机分为常规治疗组和康复组,每组各36例。常规治疗组采用常规护理与健康宣教,康复组在此基础上实施Ⅰ期综合心脏康复,包括初期评估(心血管综合评估)、运动训练(运动训练和呼吸训练)、日常活动指导与健康教育、出院评估(6分钟步行试验和Barthel指数评估)。比较两组患者出院时Barthel指数(BI)得分、出院时6分钟步行试验测试距离(6MWD)、住院期间及出院1个月内主要不良心血管事件(major adverse cardiovascular event,MACE)的发生率和住院时间等。 结果 干预后,康复组6MWD和BI得分均优于常规治疗组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);住院期间及出院1个月内MACE发生率,康复组低于常规治疗组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);康复组患者的住院时间低于常规治疗组,但差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。 结论 Ⅰ期综合心脏康复训练应用于STEMI并行急诊 PCI术后患者,可提高患者的运动能力、提高其日常活动能力、降低发病早期MACE的发生率,有利于患者尽快回归家庭与社会,改善其生活质量,具有较高的临床应用价值。

关键词: Ⅰ期心脏康复, ST 段抬高型心肌梗死, 经皮冠状动脉介入治疗, Barthel指数, 6 min步行试验, 主要不良心血管事件

Abstract:

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of stageⅠcomprehensive cardiac rehabilitation in patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after emergency percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI). Methods A total of 72 patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction combined with PCI admitted to the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of Beijing Electric Power Hospital of State Grid Corporation from June 2021 to June 2022, which were selected as the research objectsand divided into control group and observation group randomly (36 cases in each group). The control group was treated with routine nursing and health education, and the observation group with stageⅠcomprehensive cardiac rehabilitation, including initial assessment (cardiovascular comprehensive assessment), exercise training (exercise training and breathing training), daily activity suggestions and health education, discharge assessment (six-minute walking test and Barthel index assessment). The score of Barthel index (BI) at discharge, the 6-minute walking test distance (6MWD) at discharge, the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) during hospitalization and within one month of discharge, and the length of stay were compared between the two groups. Results After intervention, the six-minute walking test distance(6MWD)and Barthel index(BI)score in the observation group were better than those in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) during hospitalization and one month after discharge was lower in the observation group than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The length of hospitalization in observation group was lower than that in control groupbut there was no statistical difference (P > 0.05). Conclusion The application of phaseⅠcomprehensive cardiac rehabilitation training in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction combined with emergency PCI could improve the patients' exercise ability, improve their ability of daily activity, reduce the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in the early stage of the disease, facilitate the patients to return to their families and society as soon as possible, and improve their quality of life. It has high clinical application value.

Key words: stage I cardiac rehabilitation, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention, Barthel index, six-minute walk test, major adverse cardiovascular event

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