实用医学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 937-943.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2026.06.005

• 专题报道:呼吸系统疾病 • 上一篇    下一篇

耐多药/利福平耐药结核病患者心理健康状况与治疗依从性的关联

王江怀1,张晓荷2,陈雯1()   

  1. 1.中山大学公共卫生学院 (广东 广州 510080 )
    2.南方医科大学南方医院检验医学科 (广东 广州 510515 )
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-13 修回日期:2025-12-22 接受日期:2025-12-23 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-03-26
  • 通讯作者: 陈雯 E-mail:chenw43@mail.sysu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2022B1515020094)

Relationship between mental health status and treatment adherence in MDR/RR-TB patients

Jianghuai WANG1,Xiaohe ZHANG2,Wen CHEN1()   

  1. 1.School of Public Health,Sun Yat?sen University,Guangzhou 510080,Guangdong,China2Department of Laboratory Medicine,Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,Guangdong,China
  • Received:2025-11-13 Revised:2025-12-22 Accepted:2025-12-23 Online:2026-03-25 Published:2026-03-26
  • Contact: Wen CHEN E-mail:chenw43@mail.sysu.edu.cn

摘要:

目的 本研究旨在分析耐多药/利福平耐药结核病(MDR/RR-TB)患者的抑郁、焦虑、孤独感等心理健康状况,并探讨其与治疗依从性的关系。 方法 选取2024年10月至2025年7月广州市、深圳市、东莞市、中山市等12家结核病定点医院及60家社区卫生服务中心管理的900例MDR/RR-TB患者作为研究对象。采用抑郁自评量表(PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)和孤独感量表(UCLA-3)等量表评估心理健康状况,分析心理健康状况与治疗依从性行为的关联。通过多因素logistic回归确定依从性的影响因素。 结果 研究对象根据治疗依从性分为依从性良好组(n = 612,68.00%)和依从性差组(n = 288,32.00%)。依从性差组患者的PHQ-9(12.49 ± 3.85 vs.5.26 ± 2.16)、GAD-7(10.23 ± 2.77 vs.4.88 ± 1.99)、UCLA-3(6.69 ± 1.17 vs. 4.33 ± 1.06)、PSQI(10.42 ± 3.17 vs.6.17 ± 2.38)评分均高于依从性良好组,SSRS评分(34.22 ± 5.86 vs. 42.33 ± 6.30)低于依从性良好组(组间比较均P < 0.001)。多因素logistic回归分析显示:PHQ-9评分升高(OR = 2.190,95%CI:1.699 ~ 2.823)、GAD-7 评分升高(OR = 1.562,95%CI:1.266 ~ 1.927)、UCLA-3评分升高(OR = 2.812,95%CI:1.753 ~ 4.509)、PSQI 评分升高(OR = 1.267,95%CI:1.065 ~ 1.507),以及自费支付(相对于医保,OR = 15.699,95%CI:2.765 ~ 89.135)均为治疗依从性差的独立危险因素。家庭月收入较高(OR = 0.183,95%CI:0.056 ~ 0.600)、社会支持程度较高(SSRS 评分高,OR = 0.666,95%CI:0.602 ~ 0.736),以及对 MDR/RR-TB 的一般了解(OR = 0.114,95%CI:0.029 ~ 0.439)和非常了解(OR=0.032,95%CI:0.007 ~ 0.154)为治疗依从性差的保护因素。 结论 MDR/RR-TB患者的抑郁、焦虑及孤独感与治疗依从性有关,心理健康评估可为MDR/RR-TB患者的精细化管理,提高治疗依从性提供依据。

关键词: 耐多药结核病, 利福平耐药, 治疗依从性, 心理健康

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the mental health status, including depression, anxiety, and loneliness, of patients with multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) and its association with treatment adherence. Methods From October 2024 to July 2025, a total of 900 MDR/RR-TB patients managed in 12 designated tuberculosis hospitals and 60 community health service centers in Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Dongguan, and Zhongshan were enrolled. Psychological status was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and UCLA Loneliness Scale-3 (UCLA-3). Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors influencing treatment adherence. Results Patients were classified into an adherence group (n = 612; 68.00%) and a poor-adherence group (n = 288; 32.00%). Compared with the adherence group, the poor-adherence group had higher scores on PHQ-9 (12.49 ± 3.85 vs. 5.26 ± 2.16), GAD-7 (10.23 ± 2.77 vs. 4.88 ± 1.99), UCLA-3 (6.69 ± 1.17 vs. 4.33 ± 1.06), and PSQI (10.42 ± 3.17 vs. 6.17 ± 2.38), and lower scores on SSRS (34.22 ± 5.86 vs. 42.33 ± 6.30), with all differences being statistically significant. Multivariable logistic regression indicated that higher PHQ-9 (OR = 2.190; 95%CI: 1.699 - 2.823), GAD-7 (OR = 1.562; 95%CI: 1.266 - 1.927), UCLA-3 (OR = 2.812; 95%CI: 1.753 - 4.509), and PSQI scores (OR = 1.267; 95%CI: 1.065 - 1.507), as well as self-payment as the primary payment method (OR = 15.699; 95%CI: 2.765 - 89.135), were independent risk factors for poor adherence. Higher monthly household income (OR = 0.183; 95%CI: 0.056 - 0.600), stronger social support (SSRS: OR = 0.666; 95%CI: 0.602 - 0.736), and better knowledge of MDR/RR-TB—both general (OR = 0.114; 95%CI: 0.029 - 0.439) and comprehensive (OR = 0.032; 95%CI: 0.007 - 0.154)—were protective factors. Conclusions Depression, anxiety, and loneliness are significantly associated with treatment adherence in MDR/RR-TB patients. Mental health assessment provides a valuable tool for identifying patients at risk of poor adherence and offers evidence for more refined management and targeted interventions.

Key words: multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis, treatment adherence, mental health

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