实用医学杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (12): 1719-1724.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2024.12.018

• 药物与临床 • 上一篇    下一篇

罗沙司他治疗难治性NSAA和低风险MDS相关贫血的疗效和安全性

胡青林,万梓琪,杨辰,陈苗,韩冰()   

  1. 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院、北京协和医院血液内科 (北京 100730 )
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-22 出版日期:2024-06-25 发布日期:2024-06-14
  • 通讯作者: 韩冰 E-mail:hanbingtg123@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    中央高水平医院临床科研基金资助项目(2022-PUMCH-C-026)

Efficacy and safety of Roxadustat in the treatment of refractory NSAA and low-risk MDS-related anemia

Qinglin HU,Ziqi WAN,Chen YANG,Miao CHEN,Bing HAN()   

  1. Department of Hematology,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China
  • Received:2023-12-22 Online:2024-06-25 Published:2024-06-14
  • Contact: Bing HAN E-mail:hanbingtg123@163.com

摘要:

目的 探讨罗沙司他治疗难治性非重型再生障碍性贫血(NSAA)和低风险MDS(LR-MDS)的整组及亚组疗效、亚组疗效差异、疗效预测因素及安全性。 方法 收集2020年8月至2022年12月在北京协和医院血液内科就诊的难治性NSAA和LR-MDS患者,所有患者在罗沙司他治疗前,都接受过一线的标准治疗,并包括至少3个月以上的重组人促红细胞生成素(rhEPO)。患者均使用过罗沙司他2.5 mg/kg隔天1次,至少3个月,并随访至少8个月。分析患者临床特征、罗沙司他的疗效、疗效预测因素、不良反应、复发及疾病克隆演变情况。 结果 共纳入40例患者,包括24例难治性NSAA和16例LR-MDS。年龄18 ~ 81岁,中位年龄56岁,男性占40%。65%的患者有输血依赖。随访9 ~ 34个月,中位随访21个月,在第 1、2、3、4、5、6 个月及随访期末,分别有22.5%、25.0%、47.5%、55.0%、57.5%、60.0%和50.0%的患者达到血液学改善-红系反应(HI-E),未发现影响HI-E的因素。两组患者组间血红蛋白较基线变化在随访期末差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。50%患者脱离输血依赖。22.5%患者报告了不良反应。28.5%患者在达到HI-E后复发,复发时间4 ~ 12个月,复发中位时间为7个月。在随访期末未观察到克隆演变。 结论 罗沙司他对传统疗法和rhEPO难治的NSAA或LR-MDS患者可能有效,不良反应轻微,复发率较低。难治性NSAA患者血红蛋白改善的程度可能更好。

关键词: 罗沙司他, 难治性, 非重型再生障碍性贫血, 低风险骨髓增生异常综合征

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the overall and subgroup efficacy, subgroup differences, predictors of efficacy and safety of roxadustat in the treatment of refractory non-severe aplastic anemia (NSAA) and low-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (LR-MDS). Methods Patients with refractory NSAA and LR-MDS who were admitted to the Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital from August 2020 to December 2022 were enrolled. All patients received first-line standard treatment, including recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) for at least 3 months before roxadustat treatment. All patients received roxadustat 2.5 mg/kg every other day for at least 3 months, and were followed up for at least 8 months. The clinical characteristics of patients, roxadustat efficacy, predictors of efficacy, adverse effects,relapse and disease clonal evolution were analyzed. Results A total of 40 patients including 24 refractory NSAA and 16 LR-MDS were included. median age was 56 (18 ~ 81) years and 40% were males. 65% of the patients were transfusion dependent. Median follow-up was 21 (9 ~ 34) months. 22.5%, 25.0%, 47.5% , 55.0%, 57.5%, 60.0% and 50.0% of the patients achieved haematological improvement-erythroid (HI-E) at months 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and end of the follow-up period, respectively, and no factors affecting HI-E were identified.The hemoglobin change from baseline was statistically different between the two groups at the end of the follow-up period. 50% of patients were relieved from transfusion dependence. Adverse reactions were reported in 22.5% of patients. 28.5% of patients relapsed after achieving HI-E, with a median time to relapse of 7(4 ~ 12) months. No clonal evolution was observed at the end of the follow-up period. Conclusions Our preliminary findings suggested that Roxadustat may be effective for patients with NSAA or LR-MDS refractory to conventional therapies and rhEPO, with mild adverse effects and low relapse rate.The degree of hemoglobin improvement may be better in the refractory NSAA patients.

Key words: Roxadustat, refractory, non-severe aplastic anemia, low risk myelodysplastic syndromes

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