关键词:

盆底功能, 电生理指标, 盆底器官脱垂, 分娩, 绝经

Abstract:

Objective The current status and differences of pelvic floor function and pelvic floor organ prolapse（POP）in women at different physiological stages have still been unclear. This study is to compare and analyze the current status of premenopausal nullipara and parturients and postmenopausal women. Methods 366 female patients who had visited the perinatal center of our hospital from May 2018 to May 2020 were enrolled in this study，including 120 premenopausal nullipara，126 premenopausal parturients，and 120 postmenopausal women. The modified oxford staging（MOS），levator ani testing（LAT），pelvic floor electrophysiological indexes and POP index were collected in all the women. Results Chi⁃square test showed that the percentage of abnormality in MOS， LAT and type Ⅱ muscle fiber strength was significantly higher in postmenopausal women than in premenopausal nullipara and parturients（P < 0.01）. The proportion of postmenopausal women whose vaginal pressure and POP staging were zero was significantly lower than that of premenopausal nullipara（P < 0.01）. Multiple Logistic regres⁃ sion analysis showed that self⁃pelvic floor rehabilitation exercise was the protective factor of MOS and LAT，while childbirth and menopause were the risk factors of MOS，LAT and type Ⅱ muscle fiber strength abnormalities. Childbirth was the risk factor for POP. Conclusions The incidence of abnormal pelvic floor muscle strength and POP increased in postmenopausal women. Pelvic floor rehabilitation exercise can reduce the occurrence of this disorder.

Key words:

pelvic floor function, electrical physiological indexes, POP, childbirth, menopause