实用医学杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (11): 1328-1332.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006⁃5725.2022.11.006

• 专题报道 • 上一篇    下一篇

微创抽吸辅助无延迟开颅减压治疗原发性脑出血伴脑疝的随机对照研究

翟晓雷1 周大志1 刘冬红1 王少丹2   

  1. 江苏省沭阳医院·徐州医科大学附属沭阳医院1 神经外科,2 重症医学科(江苏沭阳 223600)

  • 出版日期:2022-06-10 发布日期:2022-06-10
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省宿迁市指导性科技计划项目(编号:Z2018116)

A randomized controlled trial of minimally invasive suction combined with craniotomy and decompression without delay in treatment of primary intracerebral hemorrhage with cerebral hernia

ZHAI Xiaolei*, ZHOU Dazhi,LIU Donghong,WANG Shaodan.   

  1. Department of Neurosurgery,the Affiliated Shuyang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University,Shuyang 223600,China

  • Online:2022-06-10 Published:2022-06-10

摘要:

目的 研究微创抽吸辅助无延迟开颅减压治疗原发性脑出血伴脑疝的临床疗效。方法 前瞻性纳入 2018 1 月至 2020 12 100 例幕上原发性脑出血伴脑疝患者,随机数表法分为观察组 50 例(放弃治疗 2 例,余 48 例)和对照组 50 例(放弃治疗 3 例+失访 1 例,余 46 例)。观察组床边微创穿 刺抽吸同时术前准备,无延迟行开颅血肿清除并去骨瓣减压术;对照组常规行开颅血肿清除并去骨瓣 减压术。根据入院时单侧或双侧瞳孔散大区分脑疝严重程度。比较两组患者围手术期及术后 6 个月 预后情况。结果 观察组良好/中残率和死亡率显著优于对照组(39.4% vs. 19.6%;8.3% vs. 26.1%),两 组术后 6 个月预后差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。两组中单侧瞳孔散大患者,观察组良好/中残率显著 高于对照组(59.4% vs. 31.0%),两组术后 6 个月预后差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。两组中双侧瞳孔散 大患者术后 6 个月预后差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。观察组单侧瞳孔散大患者中,微创抽吸后瞳孔明 显回缩者良好/中残率显著高于无明显回缩者(78.3% vs. 11.1%,P < 0.01)。观察组双侧瞳孔散大患者中, 微创抽吸后瞳孔明显回缩者植物生存/死亡率显著低于无明显回缩者(36.4% vs. 100.0%,P < 0.05)。 结论 微创抽吸辅助无延迟开颅减压治疗原发性脑出血伴脑疝患者预后优于常规开颅减压,并可提高单侧瞳孔散大患者的良好/中残率,降低双侧瞳孔散大患者的死亡率。

关键词:

脑出血, 脑疝, 微创穿刺, 开颅血肿清除术

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of minimally invasive suction combined with craniotomy and decompression without delay in the treatment of primary cerebral hemorrhage with cerebral hernia. Methods 100 patients of supratentorial primary cerebral hemorrhage with cerebral hernia from January 2018 to December 2020 were prospectively enrolled and randomly divided into observation group(n = 50)and control group(n = 50). In the observation group,bedside minimally invasive suction and preoperative preparation were performed without delay for craniotomy hematoma removal and bone flap decompression. The control group received conventional craniotomy hematoma removal and bone flap decompression. The severity of cerebral hernia was distin⁃ guished by unilateral or bilateral dilated pupils at admission. The perioperative conditions and outcomes 6 months after operation of the two groups were compared. Results The good recovery/moderate disability rate and death rate in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group(good recovery/moderate disability 39.4% vs. 19.6%;death rate:8.3% vs. 26.1%),and the difference in prognosis between the two groups at 6 months after surgery was statistically significant(P < 0.05). In patients with unilateral dilated pupil,the good recovery/ moderate disability rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(59.4% vs. 31.0%),and the difference in prognosis between the two groups at 6 months after surgery was statistically significant (P < 0.05). In patients with bilateral dilated pupils,there were no statistically differences in prognosis between the two groups at 6 months after surgery(P > 0.05). In the observation group with unilateral dilated pupil,the good recovery/moderate disability rate of patients with significant contracted pupil after minimally invasive suction was significantly higher than that without significant contracted pupil(78.3% vs. 11.1%,P < 0.01). In the observation group with bilateral dilated pupils,the persistent vegetative state/death rate of patients with significant contracted pupil after minimally invasive suction was lower than that without significant contracted pupil(36.4% vs. 100.0%,P < 0.05). Conclusion The outcomes of patients with primary intracerebral hemorrhage accompanied by cerebral hernia treated with minimally invasive suction combined with craniotomy and decompression without delay are better than conventional craniotomy and decompression,and this approach can improve the good recovery/moderate disabil⁃ ity rate of patients with unilateral dilated pupil and reduce the death rate of patients with bilateral dilated pupils.

Key words:

intracerebral hemorrhage, cerebral hernia, minimally invasive puncture, hematoma removal