Heart failure associated with diffuse connective tissue disease is not rare in clinical practice.This disorder has higher prevalence and incidence and is an important cause of death of connective tissue disease.Inflammation and immune response may be the underlying pathogenesis of heart failure associated with diffuse con⁃nective tissue. More and more evidence indicates that traditional cardiovascular risk factors（hypertension，diabetes mellitus，dyslipidemia，obesity，etc.）can not fully explain the high risks of heart failure associated with diffuse connective tissue disease，and the disease itself and myocardial damage induced by therapeutic drugs also play an important role. At present，there has been no unified standard for the diagnosis and treatment of heart failure associ⁃ated with diffuse connective tissue disease，so clinical therapies mostly follows the existing relevant guidelines. In addition，control of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and treatment of primary disease may also help to improve

the prognosis in patients.

diffuse connective tissue disease, heart failure, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheuma?toid arthritis