实用医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (24): 3793-3801.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2025.24.001
• 指南解读 •
收稿日期:2025-09-22
出版日期:2025-12-25
发布日期:2025-12-25
通讯作者:
刘王凯
E-mail:kaidoctor@126.com
Huanxiang PANG,Zhen ZHOU,Ying LIN,Yanfang TAN,Jie GAO,Yuzhen ZHANG,Wangkai. LIU(
)
Received:2025-09-22
Online:2025-12-25
Published:2025-12-25
Contact:
Wangkai. LIU
E-mail:kaidoctor@126.com
摘要:
牛奶蛋白过敏是由牛奶蛋白引起的异常免疫反应,根据发病机制不同可分为IgE介导、非IgE介导或两者混合介导。我国目前已有多项牛奶蛋白过敏的专家共识/指南,但这些共识均未对IgE介导和非IgE介导的牛奶蛋白过敏进行区分。婴儿期非IgE介导的牛奶蛋白过敏更为常见,而非IgE介导的牛奶蛋白过敏缺乏特异性临床表现和诊断方法,导致其诊断和管理仍然面临很大的挑战。为促进非IgE介导的婴儿牛奶蛋白过敏规范化诊治,由中华预防医学会过敏病预防与控制专业委员会组织多学科专家制定了《中国婴儿轻中度非IgE介导的牛奶蛋白过敏诊断和营养干预指南》,该文对该指南中婴儿轻中度非IgE介导的牛奶蛋白过敏的临床特征、诊断流程、营养管理、辅食添加部分内容进行介绍和解读。
中图分类号:
庞焕香,周真,林英,谭艳芳,高洁,张钰珍,刘王凯. 《中国婴儿轻中度非IgE介导的牛奶蛋白过敏诊断和营养干预指南》要点解读[J]. 实用医学杂志, 2025, 41(24): 3793-3801.
Huanxiang PANG,Zhen ZHOU,Ying LIN,Yanfang TAN,Jie GAO,Yuzhen ZHANG,Wangkai. LIU. Interpretation of 《Guidelines for diagnosis and nutritional intervention of mild to modetate non⁃IgE mediated cow′s milk protein allergy in Chinese infants》[J]. The Journal of Practical Medicine, 2025, 41(24): 3793-3801.
表1
non-IgE-CMPA诊断方法与标准的新旧对比"
| 维度 | 传统实践 | 2022指南推荐 | 推荐价值 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 疾病分型 | 未明确区分IgE介导与非IgE介导的CMPA,混合处理。 | 首次针对非IgE介导这一免疫类型制定独立指南。 | 实现精准医疗,解决该类疾病诊断和管理上的难题。 |
| 诊断金标准 | 依赖单一症状或不确定的实验室指标,标准不统一。 | 明确“EDA?OFC”为唯一可靠诊断方法。 | 提供客观、可操作性的路径,减少误诊和漏诊。 |
| 实验室检测 | 常误用皮肤点刺试验或血清slgE检测进行诊断。 | 明确指出血清slgE检测和皮肤点刺试验对non-IgE-CMPA不具有诊断参考价值。 | 纠正临床常见误区,避免诊断错误与不必要的医疗成本。 |
| 评估工具 | 缺乏针对non-IgE-CMPA的特异性评估工具。 | 推出改良non-IgE-CMPA与婴儿功能性胃肠病相关性评分量表 | 为与婴儿功能性胃肠病的鉴别诊断提供量化、客观的评估工具。 |
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