Abstract:

Postoperative pulmonary complications （PPCs） represent a frequent and severe challenge following surgery， particularly in patients undergoing thoracic or abdominal procedures that necessitate tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. PPCs typically manifest within 7 days post-surgery. Effective perioperative management， encompassing optimization of lung-protective ventilation strategies， real-time monitoring of pulmonary ventilation status， and timely interventions， can substantially decrease the incidence of PPCs. As an emerging non-invasive imaging modality， electrical impedance tomography （EIT） has garnered significant attention in recent years for its clinical applications， especially in perioperative lung-protective ventilation. EIT enables real-time and dynamic visualization of lung ventilation distribution， providing a critical foundation for developing personalized ventilation strategies. This significantly enhances the safety and efficacy of mechanical ventilation while improving patient outcomes. The aim of this article is to elucidate the fundamental principles and advantages of EIT， explore its role in perioperative lung protection， and examine its future development prospects， thereby offering additional reference and guidance for clinical practice.

Key words: postoperative pulmonary complications, lung protective ventilation, electrical impedance imaging, individualized ventilation