臂旁核（parabrachial nucleus，PBN）位于小脑上脚周围，根据其形态及细胞结构可分为多个 亚核。PBN 明显的结构异质性意味其生理功能具有多样性，故其功能研究是神经科学领域的一大热点。 PBN 已被证实具有维持内环境稳态、调控感觉信息传递、影响应激相关行为及调节睡眠觉醒周期等功 能。这些功能可交互影响，以影响内环境稳态的体温及能量代谢为例，降低能量代谢可阻遏升温、体温 下降可抑制代谢。功能间的交联提示 PBN 不仅是传递信息的中间站，而且各亚核间存在解剖联系及功 能整合。然而其交联的机制及实现同一生理效应的共同点是当前研究的重难点。本篇综述旨在归纳 PBN 不同亚型神经元调控的相同的生理功能，期望为揭示 PBN 神经元结构和功能的相互联系和内在规 律奠定基础。

The parabrachial nucleus，encircling the superior cerebellar peduncle，is divided into several subnuclei according to its configuration and cytoarchitecture. The obvious structural heterogeneity of PBN leads to its functional diversity，which makes it as one of the most interesting topics in neuroscience. PBN has been proved to play an important role in multiple interreacted physiological processes，including maintaining homeostasis，as⁃ cending sensory information，reordering stress ⁃ related behaviors，and regulating sleep/wake cycle. For instance， hypothermia occurs when one is in hypometabolism，which in turn reduces metabolic rate. Cross ⁃linking between the functions of PBN suggests that it not only serves as a relay station for sensory information，but also has internal anatomical connection and functional integration among subnuclei. Currently，the mechanism of cross ⁃ linking among subnuclei and the commonality of regulating the same physiological function are the focal points. This review aims to document the physiological functions of neurons in PBN so that it can provide a theoretical basis for further understanding what regulates specific physiological function.