目的 探讨 piRNA⁃1366（piR⁃1366）在非小细胞肺癌（non⁃small cell lung cancer，NSCLC）中的表达、临床病理意义及对肿瘤转移的影响.方法 用piRNA基因芯片对NSCLC piRNAs表达谱进行分析，采用 qRT⁃PCR 证实 piR⁃1366 在 NSCLC 的表达；采用 RNA 原位杂交技术（RISH）检测 87 例 NSCLC 组织中 piR⁃ 1366 的表达，分析 piR⁃1366 表达与患者临床病理参数的关系；采用 Transwell 小室检测 piR⁃1366 对肺癌细胞迁移的影响，采用裸鼠肺转移模型检测 piR⁃1366 对肺癌细胞远处转移的影响. 结果 piRNAs 表达谱和 qRT⁃PCR 均检测出 piR⁃1366 在 NSCLC 中表达水平升高，RISH 显示 piR⁃1366 主要为阳性表达.piR⁃1366 高 表达组与低表达组 NSCLC 淋巴结转移差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05），但年龄、性别、肿瘤部位、肿瘤大 小、肿瘤分级及 TNM 分期差异无统计学意义（均 P > 0.05）.Transwell 实验结果显示过表达 piR⁃1366 促进了 A549 和 H1650 的迁移，而沉默表达则阻碍了肺癌细胞的迁移（P < 0.05）. 在裸鼠肺转移模型中沉默 piR⁃ 1366 表达组（si⁃piR⁃1366）肺转移癌结节要比对照组少（P < 0.05）. 结论 piR⁃1366 肺癌细胞的转移有促进 作用，可为研究piR⁃1366治疗转移性NSCLC 提供靶向依据.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinicopathological significance of piR ⁃ 1366 in non⁃small cell lung cancer（NSCLC）and its effect on tumor metastasis. Methods piRNA microarray was used to analyze the expression profile of piRNAs in NSCLC. The expression of piR⁃1366 in NSCLC was confirmed again by qRT⁃PCR；The expression of piR⁃1366 in 87 cases of NSCLC was detected by RNA in situ hybridization(RISH),，and the correlation was analyzed between the expression of piR⁃1366 and clinicopathological parameters of patients. Transwell chamber was used to detect the effect of piR ⁃1366 on the migration of lung cancer cells，and lung metastasis model of nude mouse was used to detect the effect of piR⁃1366 on the metastasis. Results The expression level of piR⁃1366 were increased in NSCLC by piRNAs expression profile and qRT⁃PCR，and the positive expression of piR⁃1366 was showed in FISH. There were statistically significant differences in lymph node metasta⁃ sis between pir⁃1366 high⁃expression group and low⁃expression group（P<0.05），but there were no statistically significant differences in age，gender，tumor site，tumor size，tumor grade and TNM stage（all P>0.05）. Transwell results showed that over⁃expression of PIR⁃1366 promoted the migration of A549 and H1650，while silencing of PIR⁃ 1366 inhibited the migration of LUNG cancer cells（P < 0.05）. In the nude mouse model of lung metastasis，there were fewer nodules of lung metastasis in the silenced PIR⁃1366 group（SI⁃PIR⁃1366）than in the control group（P< 0.05）. Conclusion piR⁃1366 could promote the metastasis of lung cancer cells，and provide targeted basis for the study of piR⁃1366 in the treatment of metastatic NSCLC.