获得性免疫缺陷综合征（acquired immune deficiency syndrome，AIDS）又称为艾滋病，是一项世界公共卫生问题。由于抗逆转录病毒治疗（antiretroviral therapy，ART）的广泛使用，该病已成为一种可管理可控制的慢性疾病。但艾滋病相关疾病仍严重影响着患者的生存质量，甚至危及生命。其中心血管疾病已成为艾滋病患者死亡的重要原因之一，已引起大量关注，并亟需得到解决。有研究提示艾滋病患者的心血管疾病的发病率较普通人群更高，相关风险因素涉及多方面，并且可能与慢性炎症和异常免疫激活相关，但机制尚不明确。因此，本文重点对艾滋病相关心血管疾病的风险因素、机制及治疗等方面进行综述。

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome，also known as AIDS，is a global public health problem. Due to the widespread use of ART，the disease has become a chronic disease that can be managed and controlled. However，AIDS⁃related diseases still seriously affect the quality of life of patients，and even endanger their lives. Cardiovascular disease has become one of the important causes of death for AIDS patients，which has attracted a lot of attention and needs to be addressed.Studies have suggested that AIDS patients have a higher incidence of cardio⁃ vascular disease than the general population. The risk factors involved are multifactorial，and may be related to chronic inflammation and abnormal immune activation，but the mechanism remains unclear. Therefore，this paper mainly reviews the risk factors，mechanisms and treatment of AIDS⁃related cardiovascular diseases.