收稿日期: 2026-03-17
网络出版日期: 2026-06-15
基金资助
广东省医学科研基金项目(B2023185)
Dual roles and research progress of testis-specific protein dipeptidase 3 as a cancer-testis antigen in male reproductive health and cancer immunotherapy
Received date: 2026-03-17
Online published: 2026-06-15
二肽酶3(dipeptidase 3,DPEP3)是睾丸特异性高表达的生殖功能蛋白,同时具备典型癌-睾丸抗原(cancer-testis antigen, CTA)属性,在男性生殖调控与肿瘤免疫治疗中承担双重关键角色。本文系统梳理DPEP3的基因定位、分子结构、组织表达特征及生物学功能,阐述其在精子发生、睾丸微环境稳态维持中的作用,以及在少弱畸形精子症、无精子症、精索静脉曲张等不育相关疾病的表达改变与评估价值;同时总结DPEP3在多种恶性肿瘤中的异位激活机制、免疫原性特征及作为治疗靶点的研究进展。研究提示,DPEP3可作为男性不育诊断的补充标志物,亦是抗体药物偶联物、CAR-T细胞治疗等肿瘤免疫疗法的潜在靶点。DPEP3的睾丸限制性表达既赋予其男性生育评估的高组织特异性,又使其成为低脱靶、高安全性的肿瘤免疫治疗靶点,充分体现其生殖生理与肿瘤治疗的双重价值。深入研究DPEP3的分子机制与临床转化,对推动男性生殖疾病精准诊疗及恶性肿瘤靶向免疫治疗具有重要理论与临床意义。
王奇玲 , 张欣宗 . 睾丸特异性蛋白二肽酶3作为癌-睾丸抗原在男性生殖健康与肿瘤免疫治疗中的双重作用与研究进展[J]. 实用医学杂志, 2026 , 42(11) : 1967 -1972 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2026.11.010
Dipeptidase 3 (DPEP3) is a testis-specific GPI-anchored metallopeptidase and a typical cancer-testis antigen(CTA), which exerts vital functions in male reproductive regulation and tumorigenesis. This article systematically summarizes the gene location, molecular structure, tissue expression profile and biological functions of DPEP3. It elaborates the roles of DPEP3 in spermatogenesis and maintenance of testicular microenvironmental homeostasis, as well as its expression changes and evaluation value in infertility-related diseases including oligoasthenoteratozoospermia, azoospermia and varicocele. Meanwhile, those are summarized about the ectopic activation mechanism, immunogenicity and research progress as a therapeutic target of DPEP3 in multiple malignant tumors in this review. Studies suggest that DPEP3 can serve as a supplementary biomarker for the diagnosis of male infertility, and is also a potential target for tumor immunotherapies including antibody-drug conjugates and CAR-T cell therapy. Further research on the molecular mechanism and clinical transformation of DPEP3 is of great theoretical and clinical significance to promote the precise diagnosis and treatment of male reproductive diseases and targeted immunotherapy of malignant tumors.
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