目的 基于赋能理论框架探讨失能老年人赋能水平与其生活质量的关系，以及健康素养与自我效能在其中起的中介效应。 方法 采用便利抽样法，于2022年3月至2023年5月，采用一般资料调查问卷、日常生活功能指数量表、中文版简化版老年人健康赋能量表、中文版生活质量量表、慢性病病人健康素养量表及一般自我效能感量表对茂名市失能老年人进行问卷调查，构建并检验并行中介效应模型。 结果 收回有效问卷313份，有效回收率为96.31%。313例失能老年人赋能水平得分为（27.47 ± 3.99）分；生活质量得分为（244.91 ± 102.98）分；健康素养得分为（83.21 ± 19.83）分；自我效能得分为（21.39 ± 7.26）分；失能老年人赋能水平、健康素养、自我效能和生活质量两两呈正相关（r值0.279 ~ 0.639，P < 0.01）。失能老年人赋能水平不能直接影响其生活质量，但赋能水平可以通过其健康素养和自我效能正向影响其生活质量，效应值分别是0.065和0.113，并行中介效应显著。 结论 失能老年人赋能水平、自我效能、健康素养及生活质量水平有待提高；失能老年人的赋能水平可通过提升其健康素养和自我效能促进其生活质量的提高。

Objective Guided by the empowerment theory framework， this study aimed to investigate the relationship between empowerment levels in older adults with disabilities and their quality of life （QoL）， as well as the mediating roles of health literacy and self-efficacy in this association. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted using convenience sampling from March 2022 to May 2023. Data were collected through the following validated instruments： the Sociological Data Questionnaire， Katz Activities of Daily Living （ADL） Scale， Chinese Simplified Elders' Health Empowerment Scale， Chinese version of the Short Form-36 （SF-36） Health Survey， Health literacy Scale for chronic disease patients and General Self-Efficacy Scale. Following data collection， a parallel mediating model was constructed and statistically validated. Results 313 valid questionnaires were returned， for a valid response rate of 96.31%. The empowerment score of 313 older adults with disabilities was （27.47 ± 3.99）； quality of life score was （244.91 ± 102.98）； health literacy score was （83.21 ± 19.83）； and self-efficacy score was （21.39 ± 7.26）. Empowerment， health literacy， self-efficacy and quality of life were positively correlated in older adults with disabilities （r value： 0.279 - 0.639， P < 0.01）. Older adults with disabilities' empowerment level cannot directly affect their quality of life， but empowerment level can positively affect their quality of life through their health literacy and self-efficacy， with effect values of 0.065 and 0.113， respectively， and the parallel mediated effects is statistically significant. Conclusion The level of empowerment， self-efficacy， health literacy and quality of life of older adults with disabilities needs to be improved. The level of empowerment of older adults with disabilities does not directly affect their quality of life， but can positively influence it through health literacy and self-efficacy.