专题报道:呼吸系统疾病

耐多药/利福平耐药结核病患者心理健康状况与治疗依从性的关联

  • 王江怀 ,
  • 张晓荷 ,
  • 陈雯
展开
  • 1.中山大学公共卫生学院 (广东 广州 510080 )
    2.南方医科大学南方医院检验医学科 (广东 广州 510515 )

收稿日期: 2025-11-13

  修回日期: 2025-12-22

  录用日期: 2025-12-23

  网络出版日期: 2026-03-26

基金资助

广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2022B1515020094)

Relationship between mental health status and treatment adherence in MDR/RR-TB patients

  • Jianghuai WANG ,
  • Xiaohe ZHANG ,
  • Wen CHEN
Expand
  • 1.School of Public Health,Sun Yat?sen University,Guangzhou 510080,Guangdong,China2Department of Laboratory Medicine,Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,Guangdong,China

Received date: 2025-11-13

  Revised date: 2025-12-22

  Accepted date: 2025-12-23

  Online published: 2026-03-26

摘要

目的 本研究旨在分析耐多药/利福平耐药结核病(MDR/RR-TB)患者的抑郁、焦虑、孤独感等心理健康状况,并探讨其与治疗依从性的关系。 方法 选取2024年10月至2025年7月广州市、深圳市、东莞市、中山市等12家结核病定点医院及60家社区卫生服务中心管理的900例MDR/RR-TB患者作为研究对象。采用抑郁自评量表(PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)和孤独感量表(UCLA-3)等量表评估心理健康状况,分析心理健康状况与治疗依从性行为的关联。通过多因素logistic回归确定依从性的影响因素。 结果 研究对象根据治疗依从性分为依从性良好组(n = 612,68.00%)和依从性差组(n = 288,32.00%)。依从性差组患者的PHQ-9(12.49 ± 3.85 vs.5.26 ± 2.16)、GAD-7(10.23 ± 2.77 vs.4.88 ± 1.99)、UCLA-3(6.69 ± 1.17 vs. 4.33 ± 1.06)、PSQI(10.42 ± 3.17 vs.6.17 ± 2.38)评分均高于依从性良好组,SSRS评分(34.22 ± 5.86 vs. 42.33 ± 6.30)低于依从性良好组(组间比较均P < 0.001)。多因素logistic回归分析显示:PHQ-9评分升高(OR = 2.190,95%CI:1.699 ~ 2.823)、GAD-7 评分升高(OR = 1.562,95%CI:1.266 ~ 1.927)、UCLA-3评分升高(OR = 2.812,95%CI:1.753 ~ 4.509)、PSQI 评分升高(OR = 1.267,95%CI:1.065 ~ 1.507),以及自费支付(相对于医保,OR = 15.699,95%CI:2.765 ~ 89.135)均为治疗依从性差的独立危险因素。家庭月收入较高(OR = 0.183,95%CI:0.056 ~ 0.600)、社会支持程度较高(SSRS 评分高,OR = 0.666,95%CI:0.602 ~ 0.736),以及对 MDR/RR-TB 的一般了解(OR = 0.114,95%CI:0.029 ~ 0.439)和非常了解(OR=0.032,95%CI:0.007 ~ 0.154)为治疗依从性差的保护因素。 结论 MDR/RR-TB患者的抑郁、焦虑及孤独感与治疗依从性有关,心理健康评估可为MDR/RR-TB患者的精细化管理,提高治疗依从性提供依据。

本文引用格式

王江怀 , 张晓荷 , 陈雯 . 耐多药/利福平耐药结核病患者心理健康状况与治疗依从性的关联[J]. 实用医学杂志, 2026 , 42(6) : 937 -943 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2026.06.005

Abstract

Objective To investigate the mental health status, including depression, anxiety, and loneliness, of patients with multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) and its association with treatment adherence. Methods From October 2024 to July 2025, a total of 900 MDR/RR-TB patients managed in 12 designated tuberculosis hospitals and 60 community health service centers in Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Dongguan, and Zhongshan were enrolled. Psychological status was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and UCLA Loneliness Scale-3 (UCLA-3). Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors influencing treatment adherence. Results Patients were classified into an adherence group (n = 612; 68.00%) and a poor-adherence group (n = 288; 32.00%). Compared with the adherence group, the poor-adherence group had higher scores on PHQ-9 (12.49 ± 3.85 vs. 5.26 ± 2.16), GAD-7 (10.23 ± 2.77 vs. 4.88 ± 1.99), UCLA-3 (6.69 ± 1.17 vs. 4.33 ± 1.06), and PSQI (10.42 ± 3.17 vs. 6.17 ± 2.38), and lower scores on SSRS (34.22 ± 5.86 vs. 42.33 ± 6.30), with all differences being statistically significant. Multivariable logistic regression indicated that higher PHQ-9 (OR = 2.190; 95%CI: 1.699 - 2.823), GAD-7 (OR = 1.562; 95%CI: 1.266 - 1.927), UCLA-3 (OR = 2.812; 95%CI: 1.753 - 4.509), and PSQI scores (OR = 1.267; 95%CI: 1.065 - 1.507), as well as self-payment as the primary payment method (OR = 15.699; 95%CI: 2.765 - 89.135), were independent risk factors for poor adherence. Higher monthly household income (OR = 0.183; 95%CI: 0.056 - 0.600), stronger social support (SSRS: OR = 0.666; 95%CI: 0.602 - 0.736), and better knowledge of MDR/RR-TB—both general (OR = 0.114; 95%CI: 0.029 - 0.439) and comprehensive (OR = 0.032; 95%CI: 0.007 - 0.154)—were protective factors. Conclusions Depression, anxiety, and loneliness are significantly associated with treatment adherence in MDR/RR-TB patients. Mental health assessment provides a valuable tool for identifying patients at risk of poor adherence and offers evidence for more refined management and targeted interventions.

参考文献

[1] MADAMARANDAWALA P, RAJAPAKSE S, GUNASENA B, et al. A host blood transcriptional signature differentiates multi-drug/rifampin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) from drug susceptible tuberculosis: A pilot study[J]. Mol Biol Rep, 2023, 50(4): 3935-3943. doi: 10.1007/s11033-023-08307-6 .
[2] LECAI J, MIJITI P, CHUANGYUE H, et al. Predictors and trends of MDR/RR-TB in Shenzhen China: A retrospective 2012-2020 period analysis[J]. Infect Drug Resist, 2021,14: 4481-4491. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S335329 .
[3] PLOKHYKH V, DUKA M, CASSIDY L, et al. Mental health interventions for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis patients with alcohol use disorders, Zhytomyr, Ukraine[J]. J Infect Dev Ctries, 2021, 15(09.1): 25S-33S. doi: 10.3855/jidc.13827 .
[4] 丁慧,卢鹏,丁晓艳,等. 江苏省233例耐多药/利福平耐药肺结核患者直接经济负担及影响因素研究[J]. 中华流行病学杂志,2024,45(9): 1251-1257. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240311-00112 .
[5] FREDRIKSEN T, ORM S, PRENTICE C M, et al. Disorder Type and Severity as Predictors of Mental Health in Siblings of Children with Chronic Disorders[J]. J Autism Dev Disord, 2025.doi: 10.1007/s10803-025-06771-6 . Online ahead of print.
[6] 中华医学会结核病学分会. 中国耐多药和利福平耐药结核病治疗专家共识(2019年版)[J]. 中华结核和呼吸杂志, 2019, 42(10): 733-749. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001 0939. 2019. 10.006 .
[7] KROENKE K, SPITZER R L, WILLIAMS J B W. The PHQ‐9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure[J]. J Gen Intern Med, 2001, 16(9): 606-613. doi: 10.1046/j.1525-1497. 2001. 016009606.x .
[8] SPITZER R L, KROENKE K, WILLIAMS J B W, et al. A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: The GAD-7[J]. Arch Intern Med, 2006, 166(10): 1092-1097. doi: 10.1001/ archinte.166.10.1092 .
[9] RUSSELL D W. UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3): Reliability, validity, and factor structure[J]. J Pers Assess, 1996, 66(1): 20-40. doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa6601_2 .
[10] 林艳伟,王婷仙,倪进东. 老年人社会支持评价量表的汉化及信效度检验[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志,2022,26(7):834-838,861. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2022.07.015 .
[11] DOI Y, MINOWA M, UCHIYAMA M, et al. Psychometric assessment of subjective sleep quality using the Japanese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-J) in psychiatric disordered and control subjects[J]. Psychiatry Res, 2000, 97(2-3): 165-172. doi: 10.1016/s0165-1781(00)00232-8 .
[12] 杨婷婷,童叶青,殷晓旭,等. Morisky 服药依从性量表、家庭 APGAR 问卷在结核病患者中的应用评价[J]. 中国社会医学杂志,2016,33(6):580-582. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5625. 2016.06.024 .
[13] 唐浩杰,杨子龙,俞朝贤,等. 耐多药肺结核患者发生利奈唑胺相关神经系统不良反应风险预测模型的构建与评价[J]. 实用医学杂志,2024,40(19):2690-2695. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2024.19.005 .
[14] ZHOU M, PENG Y, LIU K, et al. Direct Medical Expenses and Influencing Factors of MDR/RR-TB in Eastern China: Based on Data from Multi-Hospital Information Systems[J]. Risk Manag Healthc Policy, 2023: 1955-1965. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S420082 .
[15] YUAN Y, LI J, CHEN Y, et al. Mechanism underlying linezolid-induced peripheral neuropathy in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2022, 13: 946058. doi: 10.3389/fphar. 2022.946058 .
[16] SUSANTO T D, WIDYSANTO A, CIPTA D A, et al. Anxiety and depression level of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in two hospitals in Banten province, Indonesia[J]. Dialogues Health, 2023, 2: 100115. doi: 10.1016/j.dialog. 2023.100115 .
[17] SHARMA R, BAKSHI H, PRAJAPATI S, et al. Prevalence and determinants of depression among multi drug resistant (MDR) TB cases registered under National Tuberculosis Elimination Program in Ahmedabad City[J]. Indian J Community Med, 2022, 47(1): 45-49. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.IJCM_813_21 .
[18] GEORGIOU P, FARMER C A, MEDEIROS G C, et al. Associations between hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hormone levels, major depression features and antidepressant effects of ketamine[J]. J Affect Disord, 2025, 373: 126-132. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.12.036 .
[19] 朱玲, 方雪晖, 王子娟. 心理弹性和健康素养在肺结核患者病耻感与治疗依从性间的中介效应[J]. 实用心脑肺血管病杂志,2024,32(5):93-98. doi: 10.12114/j.issn.1008-5971. 2024. 00.100 .
[20] MAHAPATRA B, BHATTACHARYA P, KARUVEETTIL V, et al. Cost-effectiveness of a decentralized care model for managing multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis in low-and middle-income countries: A systematic review protocol[J]. JBI Evid Synth, 2024, 22(1): 97-105. doi: 10.11124/JBIES-23-00023 .
[21] 郝金奇,张兰,余艳琴,等. 内蒙古地区结核病的耐药现状及影响因素研究[J]. 安徽医科大学学报, 2024, 59(3): 515-520. doi:10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2024.03.022 .
文章导航

/