目的 探讨地榆升白片联合粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）对儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病化疗后粒细胞缺乏的效果。 方法 选取2022年1月至2024年1月在医院接受治疗化疗的148例急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿为研究对象，所有患儿均出现粒细胞缺乏。随机数字表法将患儿分为观察组和对照组，每组74例。对照组接受G-CSF治疗，观察组在对照组的基础上联合应用地榆升白片。记录患儿rhG-CSF用药剂量及用药时间。在用药后第4、8、14、21天检测外周血中白细胞（WBC）数、中性粒细胞（NE）数、红细胞（RBC）数和血小板（PLT）数，并比较两组用药前后的血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）、肌酐（Cre）和尿素氮（Urea）。记录骨痛、发热、皮疹等不良反应发生情况。 结果 观察组的rhG-CSF用药剂量和用药时间均低于对照组；观察组在用药后第4、8、14、21天的WBC、NE、RBC和PLT均高于对照组，且用药后ALT、AST、Cre、Urea 数值低于对照组（P < 0.05）。两组不良反应情况相比，差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。 结论 地榆升白片联合 G-CSF 治疗儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病化疗后粒细胞缺乏，能更快提升外周血粒细胞水平，且对肝肾功能未见额外负担。

Objective To investigate the efficacy of Diyu Shengbai Tablets in combination with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor （G-CSF） in treating neutropenia after chemotherapy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia （ALL）. Methods This study encompassed 148 children diagnosed with ALL who developed chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. These children were randomly allocated to either receiveG-CSF alone （control group， n = 74） or G-CSF in combination with Diyu Shengbai Tablets （observation group， n = 74）. The dosage and duration of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor （rhG-CSF） were meticulously recorded. The counts of white blood cells （WBC）， neutrophils （NE）， red blood cells （RBC）， and platelets （PLT） in the peripheral blood were precisely detected prior to treatment and on the 4th， 8th， 14th， and 21st days subsequent to treatment. A comparison was made between the two groups regarding alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， creatinine （Cre）， and blood urea nitrogen （Urea） levels before and after treatment. The occurrence of adverse reactions such as bone pain， fever， and rash was also recorded. Results In comparison with the control group， the observation group needed a lower dosage and a shorter duration of rhG-CSF. Moreover， on days 4， 8， 14， and 21， they exhibited significantly higher counts of WBC， NE， RBC， and PLT， along with lower levels of ALT， AST， Cre， and urea. This indicates enhanced efficacy and an improved safety profile （P < 0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups （P > 0.05）. Conclusion Diyu Shengbai Tablets in combination with G-CSF can more rapidly elevate the level of peripheral blood granulocytes during the treatment of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in children with ALL， and it does not place an additional burden on liver and kidney functions.