目的 通过检测强直性脊柱炎（AS）患者外周血PBMCs中hsa_circ_0001707和hsa_circ_0075522的表达水平，探讨环状RNA（circRNA）在AS诊断和疾病活动性评估中的临床价值。 方法 研究采用病例对照设计，纳入88例初诊的AS患者和80例健康对照者，两组基线特征匹配良好。采用聚合酶链式反应（qPCR）方式检测外周血hsa_circ_0001707、hsa_circ_0075522和HLA-B27的表达；疾病活动度评估采用巴斯AS疾病活动指数（BASDAI）；全自动分析仪测定红细胞沉降率（ESR）、C反应蛋白（CRP）及血常规中各项指标，基于血常规检测结果计算了多个新型炎症指标，包括淋巴细胞与单核细胞比值（LMR）、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（NLR）、血小板与淋巴细胞比值（PLR）、衍生中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（dNLR）以及系统性免疫炎症指数（SII）。 结果 circRNA检测结果表明，hsa_circ_0001707在AS患者中显著上调，而hsa_circ_0075522则明显下调（均P < 0.05）。进一步的受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析显示，hsa_circ_0001707在鉴别AS患者与健康对照方面具有中等诊断效能（AUC = 0.677，P < 0.001），与dNLR联合使用后，诊断效能显著增强（AUC = 0.835，P < 0.001）。在疾病活动性评估方面，活动期AS患者（BASDAI ≥ 4）hsa_circ_0001707表达水平显著高于非活动期，且与CRP同步上升，而hsa_circ_0075522未显示出显著变化。hsa_circ_0001707对活动性AS的判别能力优于CRP（AUC分别为0.684与0.674）。相关性分析进一步支持hsa_circ_0001707在AS疾病过程中的潜在作用。其水平与多项炎症指标（NLR、SII、CRP）及BASDAI呈正相关（P < 0.05），而与淋巴细胞比例（L%）及LMR呈负相关，提示其可能参与调控AS的炎症反应与免疫异常过程。相比之下，hsa_circ_0075522未表现出与临床参数的相关性。 结论 hsa_circ_0001707可能作为一种有前景的外周血生物标志物，在AS的诊断及活动性评估中发挥潜在作用。

Objective To investigate the clinical value of circular RNAs （circRNAs） in the diagnosis and disease activity assessment of ankylosing spondylitis （AS） by measuring the expression levels of hsa_circ_0001707 and hsa_circ_0075522 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMCs） of AS patients. Methods A case?control study was conducted， enrolling 88 newly diagnosed AS patients and 80 healthy controls （HCs） with matched baseline characteristics. The expression of hsa_circ_0001707， hsa_circ_0075522， and HLA?B27 was detected via quantitative polymerase chain reaction （qPCR）. Disease activity was evaluated using the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index （BASDAI）. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate （ESR）， C?reactive protein （CRP）， and complete blood count parameters were measured using automated analyzers. Novel inflammatory indices， including the lymphocyte?to?monocyte ratio （LMR）， neutrophil?to?lymphocyte ratio （NLR）， platelet?to?lymphocyte ratio （PLR）， derived NLR （dNLR）， and systemic immune?inflammation index （SII）， were calculated. Results circRNA analysis revealed significantly upregulated hsa_circ_0001707 and downregulated hsa_circ_0075522 in AS patients （both P < 0.05）. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve analysis demonstrated that hsa_circ_0001707 exhibited moderate diagnostic efficacy for distinguishing AS from HCs （AUC = 0.677， P < 0.001）， which significantly improved when combined with dNLR （AUC = 0.835， P < 0.001）. In disease activity assessment， hsa_circ_0001707 levels were significantly higher in active AS （BASDAI ≥ 4） than in inactive patients and correlated with CRP. Its discriminative power for active AS surpassed that of CRP （AUC： 0.684 vs. 0.674）. Correlation analysis further supported the potential role of hsa_circ_0001707 in AS pathogenesis， showing positive associations with inflammatory markers （NLR， SII， CRP） and BASDAI （ P < 0.05）， but negative correlations with lymphocyte percentage （L%） and LMR. In contrast， hsa_circ_0075522 showed no significant clinical correlations. Conclusions Hsa_circ_0001707 may serve as a promising peripheral blood biomarker for AS diagnosis and disease activity monitoring.