目的 评价超声引导下腰方肌阻滞（QLB）与腹横肌平面阻滞（TAP）在剖宫产术后镇痛的效果。方法 检索 Pubmed、Cochrane、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网（CNKI）、万方和维普数据库，纳入比较QLB与TAP用于剖宫产术后镇痛的随机对照试验。主要结局指标为术后不同时间点静息和运动状态下视觉模拟评分（VAS），次要结局指标为术后不同时间点舒芬太尼消耗量。采用RevMan5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果 纳入7项随机对照试验，共546例受试者。与TAP组相比较，QLB组术后4 h（MD = -0.32， 95%CI：-0.56 ~ -0.07，P = 0.01）、术后8 h（MD = -0.6，95%CI：-0.86 ~ -0.34，P < 0.000 01）、术后12 h（MD = -0.81， 95%CI：-1.34 ~ -0.27，P = 0.003）、术后24 h（MD = -0.41，95%CI：-0.77 ~ -0.06，P = 0.02）运动状态下及术后 12 h（MD = -0.3，95%CI：-0.55 ~ -0.06，P = 0.02）静息状态下VAS评分明显降低。QLB组术后 4、12、48 h 舒芬太尼消耗量明显低于 TAP 组。结论 腰方肌阻滞较腹横肌平面阻滞用于剖宫产术后不仅有更好的镇痛效果，而且能降低舒芬太尼的用量。

Objective To evaluate the analgesic effect of quadratus lumborum block（QLB）and transver⁃ sus abdominis plane block（TAP）on patient undergoing cesarean section. Methods We searched literature from Pubmed，Cochrane，Embase，Web of Science，CNKI，WanFang and Weipu Databases for randomized controlled trials（RCTs）on different effects of QLB and TAP in cesarean section. Primary outcome was the Visual Analogue Score（VAS）at different time points and secondary outcome was the total consumption of sufentanil. Meta⁃analysis was performed with Review Manager 5.3. Results Seven RCTs were included. Compared with TAP group，QLB group had a decreased VAS score 4 h（MD = -0.32，95%CI：-0.56 ~ -0.07，P = 0.01），8 h（MD = -0.6，95%CI：-0.86 ~ -0.34，P < 0.000 01），12 h（MD = -0.81，95%CI：-1.34 ~ -0.27，P = 0.003），24 h（MD = -0.41，95%CI：-0.77 ~ 0.06，P = 0.02）at movement after surgery and a lower VAS score 12 h（MD = -0.3，95%CI：-0.55 ~ -0.06，P = 0.02）at rest after surgery. QLB group also experienced a less consumption of sufentanil. Conclusion QLB has a better analgesic effect than TAP after cesarean section at movement within 24 hours，and there is less consump⁃ tion of sufentanil.