目的 探究脑氧饱和度（rSO₂）在早产儿脑损伤（BIPI）中的表达及其与振幅整合脑电图（aEEG）参数、神经发育的关系。 方法 回顾性选取2022年2月至2023年2月期间于医院出生的116例BIPI为研究对象，按照早产儿脑损伤诊断与防治专家共识分为轻中重组，分别为59、35、22例。比较不同脑损伤程度的早产儿一般资料；回归分析早产儿脑损伤影响因素，并对aEEG评分、rSO₂、GMS评分进行相关性分析，ROC曲线分析脑氧饱和度监测结合振幅整合脑电图预测全身运动质量评估异常的价值。 结果 在出生后第3天和第7天，重度脑损伤早产儿的rSO₂、aEEG评分均显著低于轻度和中度组（P < 0.05）；第7天时，重度脑损伤早产儿的图形连续性、睡眠觉醒周期、下边界振幅、带宽、总分、rSO₂、孕周、出生体质量均低于轻度和中度组，且该组发育结局异常（PR+CS）占比更高（P < 0.05）；二元logistic回归多因素分析显示，3 d aEEG评分总分（OR = 0.448，95%CI：0.094 ~ 0.890） ，7 d aEEG评分总分（OR = 0.384，95%CI：0.0.058 ~ 0.726） ，3 d rSO₂（OR = 0.574，95%CI：0.398 ~ 0.750） ，7 d rSO₂（OR = 0.431，95%CI：0.115 ~ 0.777） 均为早产儿脑损伤的保护因素（P < 0.05）；相关性分析结果显示，脑氧饱和度与aEEG评分、全身运动质量均呈负相关；7 d rSO_2、aEEG以及7 drSO₂结合7 d aEEG评分对全身运动质量评估异常的预测值比较：rSO₂阳性预测值为86.46%，阴性预测值为96.85%，灵敏度为92.31%，特异度为92.21%，截断值为0.845；aEEG阳性预测值为78.26%，阴性预测值为96.86%，灵敏度为89.74%，特异度为92.21%，截断值为0.820；7 d rSO₂结合7 d aEEG评分阳性预测值为89.04%，阴性预测值为96.88%，灵敏度为94.90%，特异度为93.51%，截断值为0.884（P < 0.05）。ROC曲线分析显示，7 d rSO₂+7 d aEEG评分的AUC为0.895，De-long检验P < 0.05，对全身运动质量具有较高的预测价值。 结论 rSO₂监测结合aEEG对全身运动质量预测效能较好，对排除高风险患儿具有临床价值。

Objective To investigate the expression of regional cerebral oxygen saturation （rSO₂） in preterm infants with brain injury （BIPI） and its relationship with amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram （aEEG） parameters and neurodevelopment. Methods Retrospectively， 116 cases of BIPI （Bilateral Intra-ventricular Perforation） born in the hospital between February 2022 and February 2023 were selected as the study subjects. According to the Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Prevention of Premature Infant Brain Injury， these cases were categorized into mild， moderate， and severe groups， with 59，35， and 22 cases， respectively. The study compared the general characteristics of premature infants with different brain injury levels. Regression analysis was conducted to identify the factors affecting brain injury in premature infants， and correlation analyses were performed on aEEG scores， rSO₂， and GMS scores. ROC curve analysis was used to evaluate the value of combining brain oxygen saturation monitoring with aEEG in predicting abnormal whole-body motor quality assessment. Results On the 3rd and 7th days after birth， severe brain-injured premature infants had significantly lower rSO₂ and aEEG scores compared to those with mild and moderate brain injuries （P < 0.05）. At 7 days， these infants also had lower scores for graph continuity， sleep-wake cycles， lower boundary amplitude， bandwidth， total score， rSO₂， gestational age， and birth weight， and a higher proportion of abnormal developmental outcomes （PR+CS） （P < 0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the 3-day aEEG total score （OR = 0.448，95%CI：0.094~0.890），7-day aEEG total score （OR = 0.384，95%CI：0.058~0.726），3-day rSO₂ （OR = 0.574，95%CI：0.398~0.750）， and 7-day rSO₂ （OR = 0.431，95%CI：0.115~0.777） were all protective factors for brain injury in premature infants， P < 0.05. Correlation analysis showed that brain oxygen saturation was negatively correlated with aEEG scores and overall motor quality. The prediction value for abnormal overall motor quality using 7-day rSO₂， aEEG， and the combination of 7-day rSO₂ and 7-day aEEG scores was as follows： the positive predictive value for rSO₂ was 86.46%， the negative predictive value was 96.85%， the sensitivity was 92.31%， the specificity was 92.21%， and the cut-off value was 0.845； The positive predictive value （PPV） of aEEG was 78.26%， the negative predictive value （NPV） was 96.86%， the sensitivity was 89.74%， and the specificity was 92.21%， with a cut-off value of 0.820. The positive predictive value （PPV） of 7-day rSO2 combined with 7-day aEEG score was 89.04%， the NPV was 96.88%， the sensitivity was 94.90%， and the specificity was 93.51%， with a cut-off value of 0.884， P < 0.05. ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of 7-day rSO₂ + 7-day aEEG score was 0.895， De-long test P < 0.005， indicating high predictive value for overall exercise quality. Conclusion Combined with rSO₂ and EEG， the prediction of overall motor quality is better， which may have clinical value for excluding high-risk children.