医学检查与临床诊断

新型标志物胞质型色氨酸-tRNA连接酶与腺苷脱氨酶联合诊断结核性胸腔积液的价值

  • 范春红 ,
  • 胡文龙 ,
  • 朱丽梅 ,
  • 杨锐富 ,
  • 蔡大霞 ,
  • 卢少华 ,
  • 蔡兴东
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  • 1.暨南大学附属顺德医院呼吸内科 (广东 佛山 528305 )
    2.暨南大学附属第一医院呼吸与危重症医学科 (广东 广州 510630 )
    3.丽水市中心医院肿瘤中心 (浙江 丽水 323000 )
    4.广州医科大学附属第四医院 (广东 广州 511300 )

收稿日期: 2025-03-06

  网络出版日期: 2025-08-11

基金资助

广东省自然科学基金项目(2023A1515010605);暨南大学医学联合基金资助项目(MF220202);佛山市自筹经费类科技创新项目(2220001004997)

Synergistic diagnostic potential of novel biomarkers SYWC and ADA for tuberculous pleural effusion

  • Chunhong FAN ,
  • Wenlong HU ,
  • Limei ZHU ,
  • Ruifu YANG ,
  • Daxia CAI ,
  • Shaohua LU ,
  • Xingdong CAI
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  • *.Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,Shunde Hospital of Jinan University,Foshan 528305,Guangdong,China

Received date: 2025-03-06

  Online published: 2025-08-11

摘要

目的 探讨胸腔积液中胞质型色氨酸-tRNA连接酶(SYWC)和腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)单独及联合检测对结核性胸腔积液(tuberculous pleural effusion, TPE)的诊断价值。 方法 对2020年1月至2024年12月于暨南大学附属第一医院及暨南大学附属顺德医院120例胸腔积液患者[TPE组64例,非TPE(NTPE)组56例]的临床及实验室检查资料进行回顾性分析,对胸腔积液中SYWC检测采用ELISA法。单因素及多因素logistic回归分析检测指标对TPE诊断价值,通过受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析单独及联合检测的诊断效能。 结果 TPE组患者年龄、胸腔积液癌胚抗原(CEA)、血清CEA、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)低于NTPE组,而在胸腔积液腺ADA、总蛋白、SYWC及血清C反应蛋白(CRP)水平高于NTPE组,单因素logistic回归分析显示年龄、胸腔积液CEA、糖类抗原199、ADA、SYWC及血清CEA、NLR为TPE的预测指标,多因素logistic回归分析显示,ADA(OR = 1.064,95%CI:1.017 ~ 1.228)、SYWC(OR = 6.695,95%CI:2.794 ~ 16.04)为诊断TPE的独立危险因素。SYWC最佳截断值16.935 μg/L时,诊断TPE的敏感度和特异度分别为71.80%、98.21%。ADA最佳截断值为36.5 U/L时,诊断TPE敏感度和特异度分别为93.75%、89.29%;联合SYWC及ADA检测使敏感度提升至95.56%,特异度达98.0%,诊断准确率97.87%。ROC分析显示联合检测曲线下面积(AUC)为0.973(95%CI:0.943 ~ 1.000),高于ADA(0.897)和SYWC(0.938)单独检测。 结论 SYWC与ADA联合检测可显著提高TPE诊断效能,其高敏感性和特异性为临床诊断提供可靠依据。

本文引用格式

范春红 , 胡文龙 , 朱丽梅 , 杨锐富 , 蔡大霞 , 卢少华 , 蔡兴东 . 新型标志物胞质型色氨酸-tRNA连接酶与腺苷脱氨酶联合诊断结核性胸腔积液的价值[J]. 实用医学杂志, 2025 , 41(15) : 2406 -2411 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2025.15.017

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the respective or synergistic value of cytoplasmic tryptophan-tRNA ligase (WARS1/SYWC) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) in diagnosing tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE). Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 120 patients with pleural effusion (64 cases of TPE, 56 cases of non-TPE) admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University and its affiliated Shunde Hospital from January 2020 to December 2024. Pleural fluid SYWC levels were identified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify diagnostic predictors, while receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to assess the diagnostic performance of individual and combined biomarkers. Results Compared to the non-TPE group, TPE group exhibited significantly younger age, lower pleural CEA, less serum CEA, and lower neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), but significantly higher levels of pleural ADA, total protein, SYWC, and serum CRP (all P < 0.05). Univariate analysis identified age, pleural CEA, carbohydrate antigen 199, ADA, SYWC, serum CEA, and NLR as potential predictors. Multivariate analysis confirmed pleural ADA (OR = 1.064, 95%CI:1.017 ~ 1.228) and SYWC (OR = 6.695, 95%CI:2.794 ~ 16.04) as independent diagnostic factors. At optimal cutoffs, SYWC (16.94 μg/L) demonstrated a sensitivity of 71.80% and specificity of 98.21%, while ADA (36.5 U/L) showed a sensitivity of 93.75% and a specificity of 89.29%. Combined detection increased the sensitivity to 95.56%, the specificity to 98.0%, and the accuracy to 97.87%. ROC analysis revealed an AUC of 0.973 (95%CI:0.943 ~ 1.000) for the combination, outperforming ADA (0.897) and SYWC (0.938) alone. Conclusion The combination of SYWC and ADA notably enhances diagnostic efficacy for TPE, providing high sensitivity and specificity as a reliable tool for clinical differentiation.

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