收稿日期: 2024-12-07
网络出版日期: 2025-05-20
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(82170716)
The role of biomarkers in the diagnosis and prediction of disease progression of IgA nephropathy
Received date: 2024-12-07
Online published: 2025-05-20
IgA肾病(IgA nephropathy, IgAN)在全球范围内是最为常见的原发性肾小球肾炎之一,也是终末期肾脏病(end-stage renal disease, ESRD)的主要致病因素之一。目前,其发病及进展机制尚不明确,临床表现丰富多样,患者的临床情况与肾脏病理改变各不相同,对治疗的反应也存在差异,预后情况相差较大。目前IgAN的诊断金标准是肾脏穿刺活检术,但肾脏穿刺活检往往不能被所有肾病患者接受,这极大影响了肾穿刺活检术在临床的应用,为该病的诊断增加了难度,所以一些无创生物标志物作为协助IgAN的诊断、进行IgAN进展风险评估是必不可少的。以下将从蛋白质、核酸等层面对IgAN诊断及疾病进展相关的多种血清及尿液生物标志物重点进行介绍。
赵璐 , 支慧文 , 李亚峰 . 生物标志物在IgA肾病诊断及预测疾病进展中的作用[J]. 实用医学杂志, 2025 , 41(9) : 1267 -1272 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2025.09.001
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the most prevalent forms of primary glomerulonephritis globally and a leading cause of end?stage renal disease (ESRD). The exact pathogenesis and progression mechanisms of IgAN remain unclear. Its clinical manifestations are diverse, with varying degrees of kidney involvement reflected in both clinical presentations and pathological changes. Consequently, responses to treatment and prognoses differ significantly among patients. Currently, renal needle biopsy serves as the gold standard for diagnosing IgAN; however, this invasive procedure is often not well?accepted by patients, limiting its widespread clinical application and complicating disease diagnosis. Therefore, non?invasive biomarkers are crucial for assisting in the diagnosis of IgAN and evaluating the risk of disease progression. Below, we will focus on various serum and urinary biomarkers associated with IgAN at both protein and nucleic acid levels.
Key words: IgA nephropathy; biomarkers; protein; nucleic acid; diagnosis; progression
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