收稿日期: 2024-10-23
网络出版日期: 2025-03-20
基金资助
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(72204039);四川省自然科学基金项目(23NSFSC4722)
Research progress on role of anticoagulant drugs in prevention and treatment of cancer⁃associated venous thromboembolism
Received date: 2024-10-23
Online published: 2025-03-20
肿瘤相关静脉血栓栓塞症（cancer-associated venous thromboembolism，CAT）指恶性肿瘤患者合并静脉血栓栓塞症，包括深静脉血栓和肺血栓栓塞症。既往研究表明，CAT已成为肿瘤患者死亡的第二大原因。与其他VTE预防、治疗方式一致，CAT的主要防治手段仍是抗凝，但其发生受多种因素影响，且由于肿瘤患者在肿瘤类型、分期、并发症、肿瘤治疗和预后方面的不可控性，导致CAT预防和治疗较为复杂且具挑战性。本文综述了目前临床常用抗凝药物分类，聚焦预防和治疗肿瘤相关静脉血栓栓塞症药物应用现状及进展，以期为临床用药提供参考。
关键词： 肿瘤相关静脉血栓栓塞症; 抗凝药; 肝素; 低分子肝素; 新型抗凝药
秦小莉 , 高秀容 , 何琴 , 骆竹媚 , 蒋倩 . 肿瘤相关静脉血栓栓塞症防治基石——抗凝药物应用进展[J]. 实用医学杂志, 2025 , 41(5) : 766 -772 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2025.05.022
Cancer-associated venous thromboembolism （CAT） refers to the presence of venous thromboembolism including deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in patients with malignant cancer. Studies have indicated that CAT has become the second leading cause of death among cancer patients. Similar to other methods used to prevent and treat venous thromboembolism， anticoagulation remains to be the primary approach for CAT. However， the occurrence of CAT is influenced by various factors such as tumor type， staging， complications， treatment， and prognosis. This complexity makes the prevention and management of CAT more difficult and challenging. This article reviews the classification of commonly used anticoagulant drugs in clinical practice， emphasizing the current status and advancements in their application for the prevention and treatment of cancer-related venous thromboembolism in order to provide valuable reference for clinical medication.
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