目的 研究用于辅助椎管内肿瘤切除手术的3D显微镜技术对椎管内肿瘤疾病的临床治疗效果与安全性。 方法 分析2019年1月至2023年7月治疗的椎管内肿瘤患者37例，采用3D显微镜下肿瘤切除（3D组）治疗的患者15例，采用普通显微镜下肿瘤切除（普通组）治疗的患者22例。比较两组患者的围术期指标、临床疗效指标、安全性指标。 结果 普通组手术时间（223.78 ± 46.46）min，3D组手术时间（182.93 ± 39.28）min，与普通组相比手术时间明显偏低（P < 0.05），其他围手术期指标两组比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。所有患者在术后疼痛症状均得到明显减轻，并且在一定程度上恢复了较好神经功能。对比术前，两组患者术后24 h以及术后1年的VAS评分，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01），组间比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）， McCormick脊髓功能评级在术后1年均为Ⅰ级。两组术后并发症发生率差异无统计学意义。 结论 使用3D显微镜技术与普通显微镜技术进行椎管内肿瘤手术均具有较好的临床疗效。但于3D显微镜下能明显缩短手术时间，以此降低手术并发症的风险，具有更优的临床安全性。

Objective To investigate the clinical treatment effect and safety of 3D microscopy technology for adjuvant neuraxial tumor resection on neuraxial tumor diseases. Methods A total of 37 patients with neuraxial tumors treated from January 2019 to July 2023， 15 patients treated with 3D microscope tumor resection （3D group）， and 22 patients treated with general microscope tumor resection （ordinary group） were analyzed. The perioperative indexes， clinical efficacy indexes and safety indexes were compared between the two groups. Results The operation time was （223.78 ± 46.46） min in the ordinary group and （182.93 ± 39.28） min in the 3D group， which was significantly lower than that in the ordinary group （P < 0.05）， and there was no significant difference in other perioperative indicators between the two groups （P > 0.05）. All patients had significantly reduced their postoperative pain symptoms and recovered their neurological function to a certain extent. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups （P < 0.01）， but there was no statistical difference between the two groups （P > 0.05）， and the McCormick spinal cord function rating was grade I. at one year after surgery. Conclusion The use of 3D microscopy and general microscopy for neuraxial tumor surgery has good clinical efficacy. However， the operation time can be significantly shortened under 3D microscopy， thereby reducing the risk of surgical complications and has better clinical safety.