目的 探讨双切口隧道法联合耳前组织及软骨整块切除治疗耳前瘘管的效果及近期预后。 方法 回顾性分析2018年1月至2022年7月医院收治的134例耳前瘘管患儿的资料，根据治疗方式分为研究组（68例，双切口隧道法联合耳前组织及软骨整块切除）、对照组（66例，耳前组织及软骨整块切除）。2组术后随访1年。对比2组手术情况、疼痛、术后切口愈合情况、切口愈合美观度、并发症及近期预后情况。 结果 2组术中出血量比较差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.05），研究组手术时间高于对照组（P < 0.05）。2组术后4 h、术后24 h的儿童疼痛行为量表（FLACC）评分比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。两组术后切口愈合比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。研究组切口愈合美观度斯托尼布鲁克瘢痕评估量表（SBSES）评分高于对照组（P < 0.05）。2组总并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。2组术后随访1年均未有复发情况发生。 结论 双切口隧道法联合耳前组织及软骨整块切除治疗耳前瘘管可彻底完整切除瘘管组织，切口愈合满意，安全可靠；与耳前组织及软骨整块切除相比，双切口隧道法联合耳前组织及软骨整块切除在切口愈合美观度方面更具优势。

Objective To investigate the efficacy and short-term prognosis of the treatment of complex preauricular fistulas by double-incision tunneling combined with total resection of preauricular tissue and cartilage. Methods The data on 134 children with complicated preauricular fistula admitted to the hospital from January 2018 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the treatment method， they were divided into a study group （68 undergoing double-incision tunnel combined with preauricular tissue and cartilage resection） and a control group （66 receiving preauricular tissue and cartilage resection）. Both groups were followed up for one year. The conditions of surgery， pain， postoperative incision healing， aesthetics of incision healing， complications and short-term prognosis were compared between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in the amount of blood loss between the two groups （P > 0.05）. The surgical duration was longer in the study group than in the control group （P < 0.05）. There was no significant difference in Pain Behavior Scale （FLACC） scores between the two groups at hours 4 and 24 after surgery （P > 0.05）. There was no significant difference in wound healing between the two groups （P > 0.05）. The SBSES score of the study group was higher than that of the control group （P < 0.05）. There was no significant difference in the total complication rate between the two groups （P > 0.05）. No recurrence occurred in both groups during postoperative follow-up. Conclusion Double-incision tunnel combined with resection of preauricular tissue and cartilage for preauricular fistula can completely remove fistula tissue. Incision healing is satisfactory， safe and reliable. As compared with the total excision of preauricular tissue and cartilage， double-incision tunnel combined with total excision of preauricular tissue and cartilage has more advantages in aesthetics of incision healing.