目的 探讨维生素D、甘油三酯（TG）/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）交互影响住院2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者血糖达标时间的作用。 方法 选取2021年3月至2023年12月在河南宏力医院住院的82例T2DM患者进行回顾性队列研究，根据住院期间患者血糖达标时间分为≤ 7 d组、> 7 d组。比较两组基线资料、维生素D、TG/HDL-C水平，分析维生素D、TG/HDL-C水平与血糖达标时间的关系，比较不同维生素D水平患者TG/HDL-C水平，相对危险度（RR）及受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析维生素D、TG/HDL-c联合对住院T2DM患者血糖达标时间的交互作用及预测价值。 结果 > 7 d组住院时间长于≤ 7 d组，空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、TG/HDL-C高于≤ 7 d组，维生素D水平低于≤ 7 d组，维生素D缺乏和严重缺乏患者占比高于≤ 7 d组（P < 0.05）；Pearson相关性分析，维生素D水平与血糖达标时间呈负相关（r = -0.733，P < 0.001），TG/HDL-C水平与血糖达标时间呈正相关（r = 0.830，P < 0.001）；校正后logistic回归显示，维生素D（95%CI：0.482 ~ 0.694）、TG/HDL-C水平（95%CI：1.053 ~ 1.392）仍是住院T2DM患者血糖达标时间的独立相关影响因素（P < 0.05）；维生素D不足、缺乏、严重缺乏患者TG/HDL-c水平高于充足患者（P < 0.05）；维生素D缺乏与TG/HDL-C升高共存所致住院T2DM患者血糖达标时间> 7 d的RR为15.867，为次相乘模型；维生素D、TG/HDL-C联合预测住院T2DM血糖达标时间的AUC为0.929，大于维生素D、TG/HDL-c（Z = 3.849、3.526，P < 0.05）。 结论 住院T2DM患者维生素D、TG/HDL-C与血糖达标时间密切相关，二者同时暴露可影响患者血糖达标时间，且维生素D、TG/HDL-c联合预测住院T2DM血糖达标时间具有良好的参考价值。

Objective To explore the interactive effect of vitamin D and triglyceride （TG）/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） on the time to achieve glycemic control in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM）. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 82 T2DM patients admitted to Henan Hongli Hospital from March 2021 to December 2023. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the time it took for their blood glucose to reach target levels during their hospitalization： the ≤ 7 d group and the > 7 d group. The baseline data， vitamin D levels， and TG/HDL-C ratios of both groups were compared. The relationship between vitamin D， TG/HDL-C levels， and the time it took for blood glucose to reach target levels was analyzed. Furthermore， the TG/HDL-C levels of patients with varying vitamin D levels were compared， and the relative risk （RR） and receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve were used to analyze the interactive effect and predictive value of vitamin D and TG/HDL-C levels on the time it took for hospitalized T2DM patients to achieve target blood glucose levels. Results The hospitalization duration of the group with a duration of > 7 days was longer than that of the group with a duration of ≤ 7 days. The fasting blood glucose， glycosylated hemoglobin， and TG/HDL-c levels were higher in the former group， while the vitamin D level was lower. The proportion of patients with vitamin D deficiency and severe deficiency was higher in the former group compared to the latter group （P < 0.05）. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that vitamin D level was negatively correlated with the time to achieve glycemic control （r = -0.733， P < 0.001）， while TG/HDL-C level was positively correlated with the time to achieve glycemic control （r = 0.830， P < 0.001）. After adjustment， logistic regression analysis indicated that vitamin D （95%CI： 0.482 ~ 0.694） and TG/HDL-C level （95%CI： 1.053 ~ 1.392） remained independent factors influencing the time to achieve glycemic control in hospitalized T2DM patients （P < 0.05）. Patients with insufficient， deficient， and severely deficient vitamin D had higher TG/HDL-C levels compared to those with sufficient vitamin D （P < 0.05）. The relative risk （RR） of patients with vitamin D deficiency and elevated TG/HDL-C coexisting resulting in a hospitalization duration of > 7 days for T2DM patients was 15.867， indicating a synergistic effect. The area under the receiver operating characteristic （AUC） curve for predicting the time to achieve glycemic control in hospitalized T2DM patients using a combination of vitamin D and TG/HDL-C was 0.929， which was greater than that of vitamin D and TG/HDL-C alone （Z = 3.849， 3.526， P < 0.05）. Conclusion The vitamin D and TG/HDL-C levels in hospitalized T2DM patients are closely related to the time of reaching glycemic targets. The simultaneous exposure of both factors can affect the time of achieving glycemic targets， and the combined prediction of vitamin D and TG/HDL-C has good reference value for predicting the time of achieving glycemic targets in hospitalized T2DM patients.