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数字疗法在精神疾病诊疗中的发展

  • 张正 ,
  • 蒋正乾 ,
  • 刘佳丽 ,
  • 曹霞 ,
  • 周建松
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  • 1.中南大学湘雅二医院精神病学科,国家精神心理疾病临床研究中心,国家精神疾病医学中心 (长沙 410000 )
    2.中南大学湘雅三医院健康管理医学中心 (长沙 410013 )
周建松,主任医师,教授,博士研究生导师。现任中南大学湘雅二医院精神病学科/精神医学系副主任;中南大学精神卫生研究所副所长。中华医学会精神病学分会(CSP)委员、CSP司法精神病学组副组长、CSP社会心理服务研究协作组副组长、中国神经科学学会精神病学基础与临床分会秘书长、中国康复医学学会精神卫生康复专业委员会副主任委员、中国非公立医疗机构协会精神病与心理专业委员会副主任委员、中国医药教育委员会心理和精神健康委员会常务委员、湖南省老年医学学会社区心身医学分会主任委员、《中华精神科杂志》编委。研究领域:青少年自伤自杀、攻击暴力行为;心身医学;司法精神病学。

收稿日期: 2024-01-08

  网络出版日期: 2024-09-30

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(82071543);科技创新2030-“脑科学与类脑研究”重大项目(2021ZD0200700);湖南省创新型省份建设专项资金(省重点研发计划)项目(2023SK2028);湖南省临床医疗技术创新引导项目(2020SK53415)

Development of digital therapy in the diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders

  • Zheng ZHANG ,
  • Zhengqian JIANG ,
  • Jiali LIU ,
  • Xia CAO ,
  • Jiansong. ZHOU
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  • Department of Psychiatry,the Second Xiangya Hospital,Central South University,National Clinical Research Centre for Psychiatric and Mental Diseases,National Medical Centre for Mental Diseases,Changsha 410000,China

Received date: 2024-01-08

  Online published: 2024-09-30

摘要

数字疗法在提供精准评估、增强诊疗效果方面表现突出,并具有便捷性、灵活性,以及降低额外开支、将防治关口前移的潜力。该文回顾精神疾病数字疗法的发展历程及其优势,探讨了数字疗法当前面临的一系列挑战,包括隐私、伦理与安全问题、技术可及性与数字鸿沟、临床验证与标准化不足,以及针对精神疾病患者的特殊风险。指出了未来的发展领域可能包括与脑机接口-神经反馈的融合应用、基于大语言模型的机器人治疗师、虚拟现实或元宇宙治疗,以及数字疗法与传统物理治疗/药物的结合。笔者呼吁当前迫切需要完善相关法规,确立统一的循证标准,加强医患培训与教育,建立多学科合作机制,共同推动精神疾病领域数字疗法的个性化与高效化。

本文引用格式

张正 , 蒋正乾 , 刘佳丽 , 曹霞 , 周建松 . 数字疗法在精神疾病诊疗中的发展[J]. 实用医学杂志, 2024 , 40(18) : 2513 -2519 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2024.18.001

Abstract

Digital therapy shows promise in providing precise assessments and enhancing the efficacy of treatments for mental illness, offering advantages such as convenience, flexibility, and the potential to reduce costs by shifting towards preventive care. This article reviews the development and benefits of digital therapy in mental health care and discusses the challenges it faces, including concerns over privacy, ethics, security, accessibility issues, digital divides, and the lack of sufficient clinical validation and standardization. It also highlights specific risks to mental health patients and explores potential future developments such as integration with brain-computer interfaces and neurofeedback, the use of robot therapists based on large language models, applications of virtual reality or the metaverse, and combinations with traditional physical treatments and medications. The author calls for urgent policy recommendations to refine regulations, establish unified evidence standards, enhance training and education for healthcare providers and patients, and to build multidisciplinary collaborative mechanisms to advance personalized and effective digital therapy in mental health.

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