目的 探讨氧化型低密度脂蛋白（oxLDL）对2型糖尿病（T2DM）合并肺结核（PTB）患者的风险评估潜力。 方法 前瞻性纳入2022年6月至2023年6月门诊就诊的单纯高脂血症组病例60例、PTB组病例100例、T2DM组病例100例和T2DM合并PTB组病例100例，其中PTB组、T2DM组和T2DM合并PTB组再二次分组为血脂正常亚组40例和高脂血症亚组60例，共计360例为病例组；健康人群60例为对照组；入组年龄段为35 ~ 70岁。各组均采集静脉血，检测血液中的HbA_1C、INS、FSG、TC、TG、HDL、LDL、ApoA I 和Apo B，并采用ELISA法检测oxLDL，比较各组间的水平差异。应用多元logistic回归分析oxLDL水平与PTB和T2DM合并PTB的关联。 结果 T2DM高脂血症亚组的BMI、血糖、血脂和胰岛素抵抗等情况与T2DM合并PTB高脂血症亚组对比差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.05）；T2DM高脂血症亚组oxLDL水平高于对照组2倍以上，其血脂正常亚组的oxLDL水平显著高于对照组（P < 0.05）；T2DM合并PTB高脂血症亚组和单纯高脂血症组的oxLDL水平均显著高于对照组2倍以上，但与PTB高脂血症亚组相比，差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。相关性分析显示，T2DM高脂血症亚组和T2DM合并PTB高脂血症亚组的TG和LDL均与oxLDL呈显著正线性相关（R = 0.352，P < 0.05），PTB高脂血症亚组人群的CHOL和LDL均与oxLDL呈显著正线性相关（R = 0.441，P < 0.05）；多元logistic回归分析显示oxLDL高于对照组2倍以上水平均是PTB和T2DM合并PTB的独立危险因素（均P < 0.05）。 结论 显著升高的oxLDL水平可能是T2DM和PTB共病的危险因素，建议对oxLDL高于对照组2倍以上水平作为一个有临床意义的病理水平去进一步评估。

Objective to explore the risk assessment potential of oxLDL in patients with T2DM combined with PTB. Methods A prospective study was conducted， which included 60 cases of simple hyperlipidemia， 100 cases of PTB， 100 cases of T2DM， and 100 cases of T2DM combined with PTB. These patients visited the outpatient department of our center from June 2022 to June 2023. The PTB group， T2DM group， and T2DM combined with PTB group were further divided into subgroups based on normal blood lipids （40 cases） and hyperlipidemia （60 cases）， totaling 360 cases in the case group. Additionally， a control group consisting of 60 healthy individuals was included. The age range for inclusion in the study was between 35 to70 years old. Venous blood samples were collected from each group to detect HbA1c， INS， FSG， CHOL， TG， HDL， LDL， ApoA I and Apo B. OxLDL levels were measured using the ELISA method. Differences in levels between groups were compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to assess the association between oxLDL levels and PTB as well as T2DM combined with PTB. Results There were no statistically significant differences in BMI， blood sugar， blood lipids， and insulin resistance between the T2DM hyperlipidemia subgroup and the T2DM combined with PTB hyperlipidemia subgroup. The oxLDL level in the T2DM hypertipidemia subgroup was more than double that of the control group， while the oxLDL level in the subgroup with normal blood lipids was significantly higher than that of the control group. Moreover， both the T2DM combined with PTB hyperlipidemia subgroup and simple hyperlipidemia group exhibited significantly elevated levels of oxLDL compared to the control group； however， there were no statistically significant differences when compared to the PTB hyperlipidemia subgroup. Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive linear correlation between TG and LDL with oxLDL in both the T2DM hyperlipidemia subgroup and the T2DM combined with PTB hyperlipidemia subgroup （R = 0.352， P < 0.05）. Additionally， CHOL and LDL levels in the PTB hyperlipidemia subgroup also showed a significant positive correlation with oxLDL （R = 0.441， P < 0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that having oxLDL levels more than double that of the control group was an independent risk factor for both PTB and T2DM combined with PTB （P < 0.05）. Conclusion The significantly elevated levels of oxLDL may serve as a potential risk factor for the comorbidity of T2DM and PTB. It is recommended to consider oxLDL levels exceeding twice those of the control group as a clinically meaningful pathological threshold for further assessment.