综述

连接蛋白43半通道介导NLRP3炎症小体激活在脑缺血中的作用

  • 彭林辉 ,
  • 李丹 ,
  • 胡志强 ,
  • 左夏林
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  • 1.广州医科大学神经科学研究所,广州医科大学附属第二医院神经内科 (广州 510260 )
    2.广州医科大学临床医学二系 (广州 510260 )

收稿日期: 2023-11-20

  网络出版日期: 2024-05-21

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(81971233);广州市科技计划项目(202102010056)

Connexin 43 hemichannel mediates NLRP3 inflammasome activation and its role in cerebral ischemia

  • Linhui PENG ,
  • Dan LI ,
  • Zhiqiang HU ,
  • Xialin. ZUO
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  • *.Institute of Neurosciences,Guangzhou Medical University,Department of Neurology,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510260,China

Received date: 2023-11-20

  Online published: 2024-05-21

摘要

缝隙连接蛋白在脑缺血后的神经炎症扩散中发挥重要作用。连接蛋白43(connexin 43,Cx43)作为中枢神经系统中主要的连接蛋白,通常以寡聚形式形成六聚体的半通道,与相邻细胞上的半通道对接,形成缝隙连接通道。在正常生理条件下,细胞表面的半通道开放维持在正常生理水平;然而,在脑缺血的过程中,Cx43半通道的过度开放导致了大量的离子(Na+、Cl-、Ca2+、K+)、谷氨酸、天冬氨酸和三磷酸腺苷(ATP)等物质的释放,引起相邻细胞功能紊乱,从而加重神经细胞的损伤。此外,Cx43半通道的开放还诱导炎症因子的释放,这与脑缺血后NLRP3炎症小体的激活密切相关。因此,通过调控Cx43半通道能够缓解脑缺血后神经炎症,进而减轻脑缺血损伤。本文重点综述了Cx43半通道蛋白与NLRP3炎症小体激活的关系,以及其在脑缺血中的作用,旨在为脑缺血的治疗提供新的思路和方法。

本文引用格式

彭林辉 , 李丹 , 胡志强 , 左夏林 . 连接蛋白43半通道介导NLRP3炎症小体激活在脑缺血中的作用[J]. 实用医学杂志, 2024 , 40(10) : 1450 -1454 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2024.10.021

Abstract

Gap junction proteins have a significant impact on the propagation of neuroinflammation after cerebral ischemia. Connexin 43 (Cx43), the principal connexin in the central nervous system, typically assembles hexameric hemichannels in an oligomeric state that dock with hemichannels on adjacent cells to form gap junction channels. Ordinarily, the likelihood of cell surface hemichannels opening is minimal. However, during cerebral ischemia, the excessive activation of Cx43 hemichannels leads to the liberation of a substantial quantity of ions (Na+, Cl-, Ca2+, and K+), glutamate, aspartate, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), thereby resulting in impairment of adjacent cells and aggravation of neuronal injury. Furthermore, the activation of Cx43 hemichannels triggers the release of inflammatory factors, which exhibits a strong association with the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome after cerebral ischemia. Hence, the modulation of Cx43 hemichannels presents a potential avenue for mitigating neuroinflammation and subsequently diminishing cerebral ischemic injury. This article focuses on the relationship between Cx43 hemichannels and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, as well as its role in cerebral ischemia, all of which provide novel insights and therapeutic approaches for managing cerebral ischemia.

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