收稿日期: 2024-01-08
网络出版日期: 2024-04-19
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(82003411)
Maternal gestational diabetes， maternal weight gain during pregnancy， and feeding methods on neurodevelopmental delay in their offsprings
Received date: 2024-01-08
Online published: 2024-04-19
目的 探讨妊娠期糖尿病、孕期增重和喂养方式对其子代神经发育迟缓的影响。 方法 采用回顾性队列研究，对纳入队列的8 023例产妇及其子代的基本信息进行描述性分析，在调整协变量后分析妊娠期糖尿病、孕期增重和喂养方式和其子代神经发育迟缓的关联。 结果 研究对象妊娠年龄为（29.46 ± 4.57）岁，孕前体质量指数（BMI）为（21.38 ± 3.09）kg/m2。纳入子代中，男性4 450例（55.5%），采用母乳喂养4 351例（54.2%），出生时有735例（9.2%）为低体重新生儿。在校正了协变量后的logistic模型中，人工喂养与神经行为发育迟缓呈正相关［OR = 1.70，95%CI：1.24 ~ 2.33］。在校正了协变量的多元线性回归模型中，妊娠期糖尿病、孕期增重不足，人工喂养与总发育商呈负相关（β = -0.44，95%CI：-0.87 ~ -0.008； β = -0.73，95%CI：-1.25 ~ -0.22； β = -0.80，95%CI：-1.34 ~ -0.26）。母体妊娠糖尿病对其子代大运动和社交能力发育迟缓有明确影响（P < 0.05）；产妇增重不足对其子代五大能区的神经迟缓的影响均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；人工喂养对其子代五大能区的神经迟缓有明确影响（P < 0.05）。 结论 产妇妊娠期增重不足以及采用人工喂养的方式是子代神经发育迟缓的危险因素，母体妊娠糖尿病是其子代大运动和社交能力发育迟缓的危险因素。
刘雨诗 , 林青梅 , 何曼 , 苏阳 , 杨音 , 林华亮 , 蔡赞怡 , 郭晓玲 . 妊娠期糖尿病、孕期增重和喂养方式对其子代神经发育迟缓的影响[J]. 实用医学杂志, 2024 , 40(8) : 1108 -1113 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2024.08.015
Objective To investigate the effect of gestational diabetes， maternal weight gain during pregnancy and feeding methods on early neurodevelopmental delays in offspring. Methods The study used a retrospective cohort study to analyze the general information of 8023 mothers and their offspring. Logistic and linear regression models were used to analyze the associations between gestational diabetes， maternal weight gain during pregnancy， feeding methods， and neurodevelopmental delays in their offspring. Results In this study， the average maternal age in the cohort was （29.46 ± 4.57） years， and the pre?pregnancy BMI was （21.38 ± 3.09）. Among the newborns， 4450（55.5%） were male， 4351（54.2%） were breastfed， and 735（9.2%） were low birth weight. After adjustment， artificial feeding was positively correlated with delayed neurobehavioral development ［OR = 1.70， （95% CI： 1.24 ~ 2.33）］. Moreover， gestational diabetes， inadequate gestational weight gain and artificial feeding negatively correlated with developmental quotient ［β = -0.44， 95% CI： -0.87 ~ -0.008； β = -0.73， 95% CI： -1.25 ~ -0.22； β = -0.80， 95% CI： -1.34 ~ -0.26］. Maternal gestational diabetes was significantly associated with delay in gross motor skills and social abilities in their offspring. Inadequate maternal weight gain during pregnancy was associated with delay in all five domains of neurodevelopment in their offspring. Moreover， artificial feeding was associated with all five domains of neurodevelopmental delays in the offspring. Conclusion Maternal inadequate weight gain during pregnancy and artificial feeding are risk factors for neurodevelopmental delay in offspring. Maternal gestational diabetes was associated with delayed gross motor and social skill in their offspring.
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