目的 比较靶控输注舒芬太尼与传统瑞芬太尼用于改善日间腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者术后镇痛和恢复质量的有效性和安全性。 方法 本研究为一项前瞻性随机对照研究，选取2019年10月至2022年10月在晋中市第一人民医院日间病房行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的100例患者作为观察对象。采用随机数字法将患者分为两组，50例患者术中靶控输注瑞芬太尼（常规组），50例患者术中靶控输注舒芬太尼（观察组）。观察两组患者术后疼痛、恶心呕吐、自主呼吸恢复时间、苏醒时间、拔管时间，恢复定向力所用时间，以及围手术期［麻醉诱导前（T₀）、麻醉诱导后5 min（T₁）、插管操作时（T₂）、切皮（T₃）、入腹观察时（T₄）、拔管时（T₅）时］的血压、心率等变化。 结果 观察组术后3 h内视觉模拟评分（visual analogue scale， VAS）低于常规组（P < 0.05）。但观察组自主呼吸恢复时间、苏醒时间、拔管时间及定向力恢复时间相较于常规组更长（P < 0.05）。麻醉诱导后5 min（T₁）常规组血压低于观察组，在拔管时（T₅），常规组血压、心率高于观察组（P < 0.05）。两组患者围术期不良事件发生率无差异。 结论 对日间腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者，靶控输注舒芬太尼，具有血流动力学更加平稳、镇痛效能发挥显著的优点，但由于延长患者术后恢复时间，所以需提前停药。

Objective The study tried to compare the effectiveness and safety of target controlled infusion of sufentanil with traditional remifentanil in improving postoperative pain relief and recovery quality in patients undergoing daytime laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods This study is a prospective randomized controlled study， which selecting 100 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the day ward of our hospital from October 2019 to October 2022 as the observation subjects. Patients were divided into two groups using a random digitization method， with 50 patients receiving intraoperative target controlled infusion of remifentanil （conventional group） and 50 patients receiving intraoperative target controlled infusion of sufentanil （study group）. Observe the postoperative pain， nausea and vomiting， spontaneous breathing recovery time， awakening time， extubation time， directional force recovery time， as well as changes in blood pressure and heart rate during the perioperative period （before anesthesia induction （T₀）， 5 minutes after anesthesia induction （T₁）， intubation operation （T₂）， skin incision （T₃）， abdominal observation （T₄）， and extubation （T₅） in two groups of patients. Results The visual analog scale （VAS） within 3 hours after surgery in the study group was lower than that in the control group （P < 0.05）. However， the recovery time of spontaneous breathing， awakening time， extubation time， and directional force recovery time in the research group were longer than those in the conventional group （P < 0.05）. After 5 minutes of anesthesia induction （T₁）， the blood pressure in the control group was lower than that in the study group. At extubation （T₅）， the blood pressure and heart rate in the control group were higher than those in the study group （P < 0.05）. There was no difference in the incidence of perioperative adverse events between the two groups of patients. Conclusions Targeted infusion of sufentanil for patients undergoing daytime laparoscopic cholecystectomy has the advantages of smoother hemodynamics and significant analgesic effects. However， early discontinuation of the medication is necessary due to the prolonged postoperative recovery time of patients.