安宁缓和医疗是现代医学发展的一种新兴医疗护理模式，其产生不仅是社会需求与人类文明发展的标志，同时也是现代医学模式改变的重要体现。安宁疗护是安宁缓和医疗的终末期阶段，对于难治性疾病的生命末期处理具有重要的意义。安宁缓和医疗在许多国家已经成为了一个独立的学科，其发展势头迅猛。但在国内的开展情况并不理想，缺钱、少人成为限制其发展的主要原因。许多学者对此进行了大量有益的实践。笔者通过查阅大量的国内外文献，总结了国外安宁缓和医疗的发展模式和付费方式，针对我国安宁疗护发展的痛点和难点进行了综述和展望，以期探索出一条适合中国国情的安宁缓和医疗发展之路，让我国的安宁疗护能够可持续发展。

Palliative and hospice care is an emerging medical care model for the development of modern medicine， and its emergence is not only a sign of social demand and the development of human civilization， but also an important manifestation of the change in the modern medical model. Hospice care is the final stage of palliative care， which is of great significance for the end?of?life treatment of incurable diseases. Palliative and hospice care has become an independent discipline in many countries， and its development has been rapid. However， the development of hospice and palliative care in China is not satisfactory， and the lack of money and human resources are the main reasons limiting its development. Many scholars have carried out a lot of useful practices in this regard. How to explore a road of hospice and palliative care development suitable for China's national conditions is an urgent problem to be solved. By reviewing domestic and foreign literature， this paper summarizes the development mode and payment method of palliative and hospice care abroad， identifies the challenges encountered in the practice of hospice care in China， and draws on the development experience of palliative and hospice care in foreign countries. We aimed to identify pain points and difficulties faced in developing palliative and hospice care in China， so as to better serve patients at the end of life， gradually promote the concept of palliative and hospice care， and contribute to the sustainable development of palliative and hospice care in China.