目的 观察西维来司他钠联合乌司他丁治疗脓毒症所致急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）的临床疗效。 方法 选取2020年1月至2023年5月本院收治的104例脓毒症所致ARDS患者，经计算机随机数字生成器分为对照组（常规治疗＋西维来司他钠）、联合组（常规治疗＋西维来司他钠＋乌司他丁），各52例。比较治疗前后两组Murray肺损伤评分（MLIS）评分、序贯器官功能衰竭（SOFA）评分、血管外肺水指数（ELWI）、动脉血氧分压/吸氧浓度分数（PaO₂/FiO₂）、白细胞计数（WBC）、中性粒细胞百分比（NEUT%）、内皮细胞特异性分子（ESM-1）、可溶性尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物受体（suPAR）及白细胞介素-6（IL-6）水平；比较两组恢复速度、预后情况及不良反应。 结果 对照组、联合组治疗前MLIS评分、SOFA评分、ELWI、PaO₂/FiO₂、WBC、NEUT%、ESM-1、suPAR及IL-6水平比较，差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。治疗后联合组MLIS评分、SOFA评分、ELWI、WBC、NEUT%、ESM-1、suPAR及IL-6水平均低于对照组（P < 0.05），PaO₂/FiO₂高于对照组（P < 0.05）；联合组机械通气时间、ICU住院时间均短于对照组（P < 0.05），28 d病死率低于对照组（P < 0.05）。两组治疗期间均未发生严重不良反应。 结论 西维来司他钠联合乌司他丁应用于脓毒症所致ARDS中可减轻患者肺损伤及炎症反应，加快恢复，改善肺功能及预后，且安全性高。

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of sivelestat sodium combined with ulinastatin in the treatment of sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome （ARDS）. Methods One hundred and four patients with sepsis-induced ARDS had admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to May 2023 were selected and randomly divided into a control group （routine treatment plus sivelestat sodium） and combination group （routine treatment plus sivelestat sodium and ulinastatin） by a computer random number generator， 52 in each group. Murray lung injury score （MLIS）， sequential organ failure assessment （SOFA） score， extravascular lung water index （ELWI）， arterial blood oxygen partial pressure/fraction of inspired oxygen （PaO₂/FiO₂）， white blood cell count （WBC）， neutrophil percentage （NEUT%）， and levels of endothelial cell specific molecule-1 （ESM-1）， soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor （suPAR） and interleukin-6 （IL-6） were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. The recovery speed， prognosis and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results T-test showed there were no significant differences in MLIS score， SOFA score， ELWI， PaO₂/FiO₂， WBC， NEUT%， ESM-1， suPAR and IL-6 levels between the control group and the combination group before treatment （P > 0.05）. After treatment， MLIS score， SOFA score， ELWI， WBC， NEUT%， ESM-1， suPAR and IL-6 levels in the combination group were lower than those in the control group （P < 0.05）， and PaO₂/FiO₂ was higher than that in the control group （P < 0.05）. Time to mechanical ventilation and length of ICU stay in the combination group were shorter than those in the control group （P < 0.05）， and the 28-day mortality rate was lower than that in the control group （P < 0.05）. No serious adverse reactions occurred in both groups during the treatment period. Conclusion Sivelestat sodium combined with ulinastatin can reduce lung injury and inflammatory response， accelerate recovery speed， improve lung function and prognosis in patients with sepsis-induced ARDS， and the therapy has higher safety.