目的 分析长期维持性透析（简称：透析）患者的衰弱现况及其影响因素，探讨不同的透析方式和新型冠状病毒感染（COVID-19）复阳与衰弱综合征的相关性。 方法 选取2023年2-6月在肾内科规律透析的患者为研究对象。采用横断面的方法进行调查，收集患者的临床资料，了解患者的透析方式，明确患者是否为COVID-19复阳。使用Fried衰弱表型评估标准将患者分为3组：无衰弱组、衰弱前期组和衰弱综合征组。比较3组患者衰弱表型的临床特征，分析各组患者的临床资料、透析方式及COVID-19复阳与衰弱的相关性，采用多因素logistic回归分析患者发生衰弱综合征的影响因素。 结果 本研究共纳入透析患者246例，其中无衰弱组77例（31.3%），衰弱前期组83例（33.7%），衰弱综合征组86例（35.0%）。衰弱综合征组呈现出高龄、高透析前血肌酐水平、低血清白蛋白水平及合并胸腔积液的特征（均P < 0.05）。血透组和腹透组的衰弱情况比较差异无统计学意义（P = 0.960）。COVID-19复阳患者的衰弱评分较未复阳者高（P < 0.001）。多因素logistic回归显示，年龄、COVID-19复阳、血清白蛋白、透析前血肌酐及胸腔积液与患者发生衰弱综合征独立相关（均P < 0.05）。 结论 透析患者衰弱综合征呈现出较高的发生率，其发生与透析方式无关；高血清白蛋白水平是患者发生衰弱综合征的保护性因素，而COVID-19复阳、高龄、透析前高血肌酐水平及胸腔积液是其发生衰弱综合征的危险因素。

Objective To analyze the frailty of patients with long-term maintenance dialysis （MD） and its influencing factors， and to explore the correlation of different dialysis modalities with the re-infection of novel coronavirus infection （COVID-19） and frailty syndrome. Methods Patients with regular dialysis in Nephrology Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from February to June 2023 were selected. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect clinical data of the patients， including dialysis modality（i.e. maintenance hemodialysis， abbreviated as hemodialysis， and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis， abbreviated as peritoneal dialysis），and whether with re-infection of COVID-19. Patients were divided into 3 groups using Fried′s frailty phenotype （FP）： non-frailty group， pre-or-intermediate frailty group， and frailty syndrome group. The clinical characteristics of the FP were compared among the three groups. The correlation of frailty with clinical data， dialysis modality， re-infection of COVID-19 in each group was compared. Multifactorial logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing the development of frailty syndrome in patients. Results A total of 246 dialysis patients were included in this study， with 77 （31.3%） in the non-frailty group， 83 （33.7%） in the pre-frailty group and 86 （35.0%） in the frailty syndrome group. The frailty syndrome group showed characteristics of advanced age， high pre-dialysis creatinine level， low serum albumin level and combined pleural effusion （all P < 0.05）.There was no statistically significant difference in the comparison of frailty between the hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis group（P = 0.960）.COVID-19 re-positive patients had higher frailty score than non-re-positive patients. Multifactor logistic regression showed that age， COVID-19 re-infection of COVID-19， serum albumin， pre-dialysis creatinine， and pleural effusion were factors influencing the development of frailty syndrome in dialysis patients（P < 0.05）. Conclusion There is high incidence of frailty syndrome in dialysis patients， and there is no correlation of frailty with dialysis modality. High serum albumin level is a protective factor for the development of frailty syndrome in patients， whereas re-infection of COVID-19， advanced age， high pre-dialysis blood creatinine level and pleural effusion are risk factors for the development of frailty syndrome.