目的 探讨沙棘熊果酸对大鼠坐骨神经损伤的修复作用。 方法 2月龄Wistar大鼠30只，坐骨神经损伤模型制备后随机分为熊果酸组和对照组，每组15只。熊果酸组以熊果酸150 mg/（kg·d）灌胃，对照组给予同样剂量的生理盐水，连续灌胃6周。6周后，H&E染色法观察大鼠坐骨神经病理学变化，并计算大鼠SFI、MNCV；免疫组织化学法检测坐骨神经组织NGF的表达，蛋白免疫印迹法检测L₄ ~ L₆脊髓中GAP-43的表达情况。 结果 术后6周后，与对照组相比，熊果酸组再生神经纤维数目有所增多，排列相对规则，毛细血管结构丰富，增生的成纤维细胞减少；SFI和MNCV%明显增高（P < 0.05），NGF蛋白阳性表达显著增高（P < 0.05），坐骨神经组织中GAP-43的蛋白表达量明显上升（P < 0.05）。 结论 沙棘熊果酸干预能够使大鼠坐骨神经损伤后功能得到改善，这可能与增加大鼠NGF蛋白阳性的表达，提高GAP-43蛋白的表达水平有关。

Objective To investigate the repairing effect of ursolic acid extracted from Hippophae rhamnoides L. on sciatic nerve injury in rats. Methods After preparing a sciatic nerve damage model， thirty 2-month old Wistar rats were randomly divided into ursolic acid and control groups， with 15 rats in each group. Ursolic acid group was given Ursolic acid 150 mg/（kg·d） by gavage， while the control group was given the same dose of normal saline for 6 weeks. After 6 weeks， H&E staining was used to observe the pathological changes of rat sciatic nerves， and SFI and MNCV were calculated； The expression of NGF in sciatic nerve was detected by immunohistochemistry， and the expression of GAP-43 in L4-L6 spinal cord was detected by Western blotting. Results After 6 weeks， compared to the control group， the number of regenerated nerve fibers in the ursolic acid group increased， the arrangement was slightly regular， the capillary structure was abundant， and the proliferation of fibroblasts decreased； SFI and MNCV% were significantly increased （P < 0.05）， NGF protein positive expression was significantly increased （P < 0.05）， and the difference was statistically significant （P < 0.05）. GAP-43 protein expression in sciatic nerve tissue was significantly increased （P < 0.05）. Conclusions The intervention of ursolic acid extracted from Hippophae rhamnoides L. can improve the function of rats after sciatic nerve injury， promote the increase of regenerated nerve fibers and the repair of myelin sheath in rats with sciatic nerve injury， which may be related to increased NGF and GAP-43 protein expression in rats.