目的 探讨病灶清除联合载抗生素人工骨治疗锁骨骨髓炎的疗效。 方法 回顾性分析2012年1月至2022年6月河南省洛阳正骨医院（河南省骨科医院）收治的45例锁骨骨髓炎患者资料。根据手术方法不同分为两组，观察组（n = 24）采用病灶清除联合载抗生素人工骨植入术；对照组（n = 21）采用病灶清除术。比较两组患者手术时间、引流管放置时间和伤口愈合时间，术前及术后14 d白细胞（WBC）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、红细胞沉降率（ESR）等血清炎性指标控制情况，术前与术后1个月视觉模拟评分（VAS）及术后12个月Constant肩关节功能评分，随访有无感染复发及并发症发生情况。 结果 45例患者均顺利进行手术，均获随访13 ~ 35个月，平均（23.53 ± 5.11）个月。两组患者治疗情况比较，观察组的手术时间和引流管放置时间均长于对照组（P < 0.05），伤口愈合时间比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）；两组术前与术后14 d的WBC、CRP、ESR血清炎性指标、术后1个月视觉模拟评分（VAS）和术后12个月Constant肩关节功能评分比较均显著改善，差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05），且观察组Constant肩关节功能评分优于对照组（P < 0.05）。随访过程中，观察组2例（8.33%）感染复发，优于对照组5例（23.81%）；观察组2例出现无菌性渗出并发症；观察组1例骨缺损不愈合，对照组5例，经二期髂骨植骨后骨缺损均愈合，余均未出现无菌性渗出、骨缺损和病理性骨折并发症。 结论 病灶清除联合载抗生素人工骨治疗锁骨骨髓炎可有效控制感染，保留锁骨的外形与功能，降低术后感染复发率，手术操作简单，且无严重并发症，值得临床推广。

Objective To explore the efficacy of debridement combined with antibiotic-loaded artificial bone in the treatment of clavicular osteomyelitis. Methods The data of 45 patients with clavicle osteomyelitis admitted to Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital （Henan Orthopedic Hospital） in Henan Province from January 2012 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into treatment group （n = 24） treated with debridement combined with antibiotic-loaded artificial bone， and control group （n = 21） treated with debridement. We compared the operation time， the duration of drainage tube placement， wound healing time， white blood cells （WBC）， C-reactive protein （CRP）， and erythrocyte sedimentation rate （ESR） in the two groups. Preoperative visual analog scores （VAS） and VAS 1 month after operation， and preoperative Constant-Murley score （CMS） and CMS 12 months after operation were observed. Infections， recurrence and complications in the two groups were recorded in the follow-up. Results All the 45 patients completed the surgery successfully and were followed up for 13 to 35 months， with an average of （23.53 ± 5.11） months. The operation time and the duration of drainage tube placement of the treatment group were longer than those of the control group （P < 0.05）， and there was no significant difference in the wound healing time （P > 0.05）； preoperative and 14-day postoperative WBC， CRP， and ESR， VAS 1 month after operation， and CMS 12 months after operation were all significantly improved in the two groups. The differences were all statistically significant （P < 0.05）， and the CMS of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group （P < 0.05）. During the follow-up， there were less cases of infection recurrence in the treatment group when compared with that in the control group （2/24， 8.33% vs. 5/21， 23.81%）. There were 2 cases of aseptic exudation in the treatment group. There were 1 case of bone defect in the treatment group and 5 in the control group， all of which had healed after the second-stage iliac implantation， and the rest did not have the complication of aseptic exudation， bone defects and pathologic fracture. Conclusion Debridement and antibiotic-loaded artificial bone can effectively control the infection and preserve the shape and function of the clavicle， with a low recurrence rate of postoperative infection， simple surgical operation， and no serious complications. It is worthy of clinical promotion.