脓毒症是宿主对感染反应失控而导致的器官功能障碍，是急危重症患者常见的死亡原因。 脓毒症心肌损伤（sepsis⁃induced myocardial injury，SIMI）与脓毒症不良预后直接相关。其发病机制复杂， 与过度炎症反应、线粒体损伤、细胞凋亡和细胞自噬等机制有关。深入探讨 SIMI 的发病机制有助于研发 更有效的靶向药物，从而提高脓毒症患者的预后。 

Sepsis is an organ dysfunction caused by the host′s uncontrolled response to infection，and is a common cause of death in critically ill patients. Sepsis ⁃induced myocardial injury（SIMI）directly related to the poor prognosis of sepsis. The pathogenesis of SIMI is complex and related to mechanisms such as excessive inflam⁃ matory response，mitochondrial damage，cell apoptosis，and autophagy. Deeply exploring the pathogenic mecha⁃ nism of SIMI can help develop more effective targeted drugs，thereby improving the prognosis of sepsis patients.