目的 探讨信号肽⁃CUB⁃表皮生长因子样结构域蛋白 2（Signal peptide⁃CUB⁃EGF⁃like domain⁃ containing protein，SCUBE2）在子痫前期孕妇外周血及胎盘组织中的表达及临床意义。方法 选取 2021 年 6月至2022年6月住院分娩的子痫前期患者58例，其中早发型子痫前期30例（发病妊娠周数< 34周），晚发 型子痫前期组28例（发病妊娠周数≥ 34周）；另选取30例足月正常分娩孕妇作为对照组。收集入院治疗前 孕妇的血清样本以及分娩时新鲜胎盘组织标本。ELISA检测三组孕妇血清SCUBE2、VEGFR2表达水平，免 疫组化检测三组胎盘组织中SCUBE2的定位及表达，Western blot 实验及实时荧光定量PCR（RT⁃qPCR）实验检测三组胎盘组织中 SCUBE2、VEGFR2 的表达水平。结果 免疫组化法检测显示，SCUBE2 主要表达于胎 盘合体滋养细胞及胎盘血管内皮细胞中，子痫前期组表达水平低于对照组，早发型子痫前期组表达低于晚 发型子痫前期组；Western blot 及 RT⁃qPCR 实验检测结果显示，三组孕妇胎盘中 SCUBE2和VEGFR2蛋白及 mRNA相对表达量比较，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05），子痫前期组表达量低于对照组，其中早发型子痫前期组 表达量低于晚发型子痫前期组（P < 0.05）；ELISA法检测显示，三组孕妇血清中 SCUBE2 及 VEGFR2 表达水平 比较，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05），子痫前期组低于对照组，其中早发型子痫前期组表达量低于晚发型子 痫前期组（P < 0.05），子痫前期组孕妇血清 SCUBE2 与 VEGFR2 表达量呈正相关（r = 0.602 2，P < 0.000 1）。 结论 SCUBE2在孕妇血清中及胎盘组织表达量降低可能参与子痫前期的发生发展。

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of signal peptide⁃CUB⁃EGF⁃ like domain⁃containing protein 2（SCUBE2）in peripheral blood and placenta of pregnant women with preeclampsia. Methods A total of 58 patients with preeclampsia who were hospitalized for delivery in Hospital affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University from June 2021 to June 2022 were selected，including 30 patients with early⁃onset preeclampsia（weeks of onset < 34 weeks）and 28 patients with late⁃onset preeclampsia（weeks of onset ≥ 34 weeks）； another 30 pregnant women with full⁃term normal delivery were selected as the control group. Serum samples were collected from pregnant women before admission and fresh placental tissue samples during delivery. The expression levels of SCUBE2 and VEGFR2 in the serum of the three groups were detected by ELISA. The localization and expression of SCUBE2 in the placental tissues of the three groups were detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression levels of SCUBE2 and VEGFR2 in the placental tissues of the three groups were detected by Western blot assay and real⁃time PCR（RT⁃qPCR）assay. Results Immunohistochemistry showed that SCUBE2 was mainly expressed in placental syncytiotrophoblasts and placental vascular endothelial cells. The expression level of pre⁃ eclampsia group was lower than that of control group，and the expression level of early ⁃onset preeclampsia group was lower than that of late⁃onset preeclampsia group；The results of Western⁃blot and RT⁃qPCR showed that there were significant differences in the relative expression levels of SCUBE2 and VEGFR2 protein and mRNA in the pla⁃centa of the three groups（P < 0.05）. ELISA showed that the expression levels of SCUBE2 and VEGFR2 in serum of pregnant women in the three groups were significantly different（P < 0.05）. The preeclampsia group was lower than the control group，and the expression level in the early ⁃onset preeclampsia group was lower than that in the late⁃onset preeclampsia group（P < 0.05），And there was a positive correlation between serum SCUBE2 and VEGFR2 expression in preeclampsia group. Conclusion The decreased expression of SCUBE2 and VEGFR2 in maternal serum and placental tissue may be related to the occurrence and development of preeclampsia.