放射治疗（放疗）是鼻咽癌的首选治疗模式，调强放疗则成为目前鼻咽癌的主流放疗技术。 作为主要治疗手段，鼻咽癌放疗靶区范围较大，常规覆盖鼻咽颅底及颈部，因此会照射到颈动脉引起 颈动脉损伤，导致动脉粥样硬化，进一步引起脑卒中等不良事件，使患者的生活质量降低甚至带来致死 致残性损伤。迄今为止，鼻咽癌调强放疗颈动脉作为危及组织仍普遍为放射肿瘤专家们所忽视，相关研 究甚少，更缺乏相关放射防护的有效模式。本文就鼻咽癌的放疗所致颈动脉损伤相关机制、诊断及防治 作综述，旨在提升放射肿瘤学者们对颈动脉放射损伤的重视，也为相关研究提供指导。 

Radiotherapy is a preferred approach to nasopharyngeal carcinoma，with intensity⁃modulated ra⁃ diotherapy as a main option. However，radiotherapy targets a large area generally involving nasopharyngeal skull base and neck and thus led to carotid arterial injuries，resulting in atherosclerosis and such other adverse events as stroke. As a fallout，it will undermine the quality of life of patients and even cause disability and death. Up to date，the effect of radiotherapy on a the risk tissue of carotid artery has been generally ignored by radiation oncolo⁃ gists and the relevant studies on the effects are very few，let alone an effective model of radiation protection. This article reviews the mechanism，diagnosis and prevention of radiotherapy⁃induced carotid arterial injuries for naso⁃ pharyngeal carcinoma，aiming to increase the attention of radiation oncologists to radiotherapy⁃reduced carotid arte⁃ rial injuries and provide guidance for related research.