Objective To investigate the current status and influential factors of basic psychological needs satisfaction of medical postgraduates ，and improve the mental health of medical postgraduates from the perspective of positive psychology. Methods 399 medical postgraduates from a university in Guangzhou were selected by convenience sampling. A general information questionnaire，the Basic Needs Satisfaction（BNSG ⁃ S）in General Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used. Results The total score of BNSG⁃S was 98.27 ± 16.01，which is in the upper middle level. The multivariate analysis of the above variables showed that the older the postgradu⁃ ates were，the higher the sleep quality level was，and the higher the work⁃life balance of postgraduates was，the higher the psychological needs were met（P < 0.05）. Conclusion The satisfaction level of basic psychological needs of medical postgraduates in Guangzhou was in the upper middle level，and age，sleep quality and work⁃life balance had significant impact on the satisfaction level of basic psychological needs. The student management department of the university should focus on the above factors，formulate corresponding measures early，and im⁃ prove the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs of medical postgraduates to improve their mental health.