目的 为明确 Stanford A 型主动脉夹层患者术后社会支持对其心理韧性的作用机制，本研究构建了一个中介模型，重点考察自我效能在二者关系中的中介作用。方法 采用便利抽样法，使用自编 一般人口学资料调查表、自我效能感量表、社会支持评定量表和心理韧性量表对广东省某三甲医院 125 例 Stanford A 型主动脉夹层术后患者进行问卷调查。结果 Stanford A 型主动脉夹层术后患者心理韧性为 （63.78 ± 12.29）分，自我效能总分为（27.22 ± 5.16）分，社会支持得分为（43.77 ± 6.82）分；自我效能感与社 会支持、心理韧性均呈正相关（r = 0.571，0.717，P < 0.01），社会支持与心理韧性呈正相关（r = 0.611，P < 0.01）；自我效能在社会支持和心理韧性间起部分中介作用，中介效应占总效应的比例为 37.43%。结论 社会支持可通过自我效能影响 Stanford A 型主动脉夹层患者术后的心理韧性，医务人员应积极采取有效 干预方法提高患者的自我效能感，增加社会支持水平，从而提升其心理韧性水平。

Objective To construct a mediation model to clarify the mechanism of the effect of social support on resilience in patients after surgery for acute type A aortic dissection patients，and to explore the mediating effect of self⁃efficacy between social support and resilience. Methods We selected 125 type A aortic dissection patients in a tertiary grade⁃A hospital in Guangdong province and they were investigated by using the general information questionnaire，the Social Support Rating Scale，General Self Efficacy Scale，and Connor ⁃Davidson Resilience Scale. Results The score of resilience and social support of patients was（63.78 ± 12.29），and（43.77 ± 6.82）respectively. The total score of self⁃efficacy was（27.22 ± 5.16）. There was a significantly positively corre⁃ lation among social support，resilience，and self⁃efficacy（r = 0.571，0.717，P < 0.01）. Social support positively associated with the resilience（r = 0.611，P < 0.01）. Self ⁃ efficacy has some mediating effect between social support and resilience，which accounts for 37.43% of the total effect. Conclusion Social support exerts influence on the resilience of Type A aortic dissection patients through self⁃efficacy. Effective measures to improve patients′ self⁃efficacy should be considered，thus to enhance their level of resilience.