耐多药结核病发病率高、病死率高、治疗费用高、治愈率低，是 2035 年 WHO 全球终止结核 病目标的巨大障碍。我国作为耐多药结核病高负担国家，防控形势尤为严峻。本文拟从诊断、治疗和防 控策略等方面浅谈耐多药结核病控制中的问题与困惑以及突破严峻形势的着力点。

Multidrug⁃resistant tuberculosis（MDR⁃TB）which characterized by high morbidity，high mor⁃ tality，high treatment cost and low cure rate is a huge obstacle to the WHO goal of ending TB globally by 2035. As the the second country with a high burden of MDR⁃TB ，the situation of prevention and control is even more severe. This paper tries to discuss the problems and confusions in the control of MDR ⁃TB from the aspects of diagnosis， treatment，prevention and control strategies，as well as the focus of our desire to make breakthroughs.