以程序性死亡受体⁃1 以及配体（PD⁃1/PD⁃L1）抑制剂为代表的免疫检查点抑制剂（immune checkpoint inhibitors，ICIs）明显提高了晚期非小细胞肺癌（non⁃small cell lung cancer，NSCLC）患者的五年 总生存率，但 ICIs 治疗的客观缓解率约 20%，仅少部分患者获益。另外，检测 PD⁃L1 表达也无法准确预测 患者对 ICIs 的反应性和疗效，因此，需要寻找更多理想的生物标志物来对患者进行分层筛选以及预测 免疫治疗反应。近年来，有关 PD⁃1 及 PD⁃L1 不同位点的基因多态性在 NSCLC 中的研究越来越多。本文就 PD⁃1/ PD⁃L1 基因多态性对 NSCLC 易感性、预后和治疗效果的影响，以及与免疫相关不良事件和免疫治疗 超进展的相关性进行综述，旨在探讨 ICIs 治疗的潜在预测性生物标志物，为 NSCLC 患者精准免疫治疗提 供参考。

Immune checkpoint inhibitors（ICIs）represented by programmed cell death receptor⁃1 and ligand inhibitors significantly improve the five⁃year overall survival rates of patients with advanced non⁃small cell lung cancer（NSCLC）. However，the objective response rate of ICIs treatment is about 20%，and only a small number of patients can benefit from it. Moreover，the response and efficacy of patients to ICIs cannot be accurately predicted by detecting the expression level of PD ⁃ L1. Therefore，more ideal biomarkers need to be identified to screen patients and predict the response to immunotherapy. In recent years，an increasing number of studies has focused on genetic polymorphisms at different sites of PD⁃1/PD⁃L1 in NSCLC. In this article，we reviewed the effects of PD⁃1/PD⁃L1 gene polymorphisms on susceptibility，prognosis and treatment effect of NSCLC patients，as well as the correlation with immune⁃related adverse events and hyper⁃progressive disease ，so as to explore thepotential predictive biomarkers of ICIs treatment and provide some reference for precision immunotherapy in patients with NSCLC.