实用医学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (9): 1525-1535.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2026.09.006

• 肿瘤诊治与预后专栏 • 上一篇    

色氨酸代谢重编程驱动肿瘤免疫逃逸的机制及中药增敏免疫治疗的研究进展

张文洁1,孙硕2,任志悦2,宫雨萌1,孙有智2,赵益1()   

  1. 1.江西中医药大学,中医基础理论分化发展研究中心,(江西 南昌 330004 )
    2.江西中医药大学,方-证研究中心,(江西 南昌 330004 )
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-06 出版日期:2026-05-10 发布日期:2026-04-29
  • 通讯作者: 赵益 E-mail:zhysyz2008@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82360961);江西省自然科学基金项目(20242BAB25562)

Research advances in mechanisms of tryptophan metabolic reprogramming-driven tumor immune escape and immune sensitization therapy of traditional chinese medicine

Wenjie ZHANG1,Shuo SUN2,Zhiyue REN2,Yumeng GONG1,Youzhi SUN2,Yi ZHAO1()   

  1. 1.Research Center for Differentiation and Development of Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330004,Jiangxi,China
    2.Formula-Syndrome Research Center,Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330004,Jiangxi,China
  • Received:2026-01-06 Online:2026-05-10 Published:2026-04-29
  • Contact: Yi ZHAO E-mail:zhysyz2008@163.com

摘要:

色氨酸代谢作为连接免疫调控与肿瘤进展的重要枢纽,近年来成为癌症研究的前沿领域。首先,从代谢酶的功能异质性切入,阐述其在肿瘤免疫微环境(tumor microenvironment,TME)中通过色氨酸(tryptophan,TRP)耗竭与犬尿氨酸(kynurenine,KYN)积累调控免疫细胞的分子路径;其次,结合乳腺癌、结直肠癌、胶质瘤、上皮性卵巢癌的代谢特征,分析肿瘤类型特异性;最后,中药单体和复方通过TRP代谢通路调控TME。本文旨在为突破肿瘤代谢屏障、优化免疫治疗响应提供理论依据。

关键词: 色氨酸代谢重编程, 犬尿氨酸通路, 吲哚胺-2,3-双加氧酶1, 肿瘤免疫逃逸, 程序性死亡配体1, 中药增敏免疫治疗

Abstract:

As a crucial hub that links immune dysregulation and tumor progression, tryptophan metabolism has emerged as a transdisciplinary frontier in cancer research. This review initially delineates the functional heterogeneity of tryptophan-catabolizing enzymes and their molecular pathways that govern immune cell dynamics in the tumor microenvironment (TME) through dual mechanisms: tryptophan depletion and kynurenine (KYN) accumulation. Subsequently, by concentrating on the metabolic characteristics of breast cancer, colorectal cancer, glioma, and epithelial ovarian cancer, we systematically analyze the histotype-specific reprogramming of tryptophan metabolism. Finally, we assess the regulatory effects of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) active ingredients (monomers and compound formulas) on reshaping the TME by targeting tryptophan metabolic pathways. This review aims to offer mechanistic and translational insights for surmounting tumor metabolic adaptation barriers and enhancing immunotherapy efficacy.

Key words: tryptophan metabolic reprogramming, kynurenine pathway, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1, tumor immune escape, programmed death-ligand 1, immune sensitization therapy of traditional Chinese medicine

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