实用医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (10): 1439-1444.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2025.10.002

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数字疗法在青少年社交焦虑障碍干预中的应用、发展与挑战

张正,孟芸,王园园()   

  1. 教育部脑、认知与教育科学重点实验室,华南师范大学心理学院应用心理研究中心,广东省心理健康与认知科学重点实验室 (广东 广州 510631 )
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-19 出版日期:2025-05-25 发布日期:2025-05-21
  • 通讯作者: 王园园 E-mail:angelayuanyuanwang@gmail.com
  • 作者简介:王园园,华南师范大学心理学院教授,博士研究生导师,英国心理学会(British Psychological Society)特许心理学家(Chartered Psychologist),英国国家学术院(British Academy)认定的科学领域的全球人才,英国高级高等教育会员(Fellow of the Advance Higher Education)。现任广东省卫生信息网络协会智慧心理健康分会副会长。受邀加入多个SCI期刊工作:包括《BMC Medicine》编委,《BMC Psychiatry》编委,《BMC Health Services Research》副编辑,以及《Globalization and Health》特刊客座编辑等。在SCI/SSCI期刊上发表论文130余篇,包括《Molecular Psychiatry》、《JAMA Network Open》、《Nature Mental Health》、《PLoS Medicine》、《Eclinical Health》、《Lancet Public Health》等。主持和参与多项国家级课题。研究方向:青少年情绪障碍,弱势群体精神健康,包括弱势群体的抑郁、焦虑、社交焦虑、自伤、自杀,以及性少数群体的精神心理疾病等。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(82201708);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金自然科学基金项目(2025A1515011554);华南师范大学“冲一流、补短板、强特色”提升计划专项资金

Application, development, and challenges of digital therapeutics in interventions for adolescent social anxiety disorder

Zheng ZHANG,Yun MENG,Yuanyuan. WANG()   

  1. Key Laboratory of Brain,Cognition and Education Sciences,Ministry of Education,China; School of Psychology,Center for Studies of Psychological Application,and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,Guangdong,China
  • Received:2025-02-19 Online:2025-05-25 Published:2025-05-21
  • Contact: Yuanyuan. WANG E-mail:angelayuanyuanwang@gmail.com

摘要:

青少年社交焦虑障碍(SAD)的发病率逐年上升,然而传统认知行为疗法(CBT)因脱落率高、资源分配不均等问题,难以满足实际需求。数字疗法(DTx)借助移动互联网、虚拟现实(VR)和人工智能(AI)等技术,为青少年SAD干预提供了新的解决方案。该文从理论适配性、技术可行性和临床转化效能三个方面,系统分析了数字疗法在青少年SAD干预中的应用,重点探讨了虚拟现实暴露疗法(VRET)、聊天机器人、生态瞬时评估(EMA)与微干预技术、游戏化数字疗法等技术的应用场景及效果。研究表明,数字疗法在短期内效果显著,尤其在缓解生理唤醒和改善回避行为方面表现优异。然而,数字疗法仍面临疗效个体差异、文化适应性不足、共病干预局限等挑战。未来,多模态神经反馈、AI心理干预、元宇宙治疗及数字疗法与传统治疗的结合将成为重要发展方向。本文旨在为构建“循证实践-技术开发-政策监管”三位一体的干预生态提供理论依据,推动青少年SAD干预的精准化和个性化发展。

关键词: 社交焦虑障碍, 数字疗法, 虚拟现实暴露疗法

Abstract:

The incidence of social anxiety disorder (SAD) among adolescents is increasing annually. However, traditional cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) struggles to meet practical needs due to high dropout rates and uneven resource distribution. Digital therapeutics (DTx), leveraging technologies such as mobile internet, virtual reality (VR), and artificial intelligence (AI), offers new solutions for adolescent SAD intervention. This article systematically analyzes the application of digital therapeutics in adolescent SAD intervention from three perspectives: theoretical compatibility, technical feasibility, and clinical transformation efficacy. It focuses on the application scenarios and effectiveness of technologies such as virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET), chatbots, ecological momentary assessment (EMA) with micro-intervention techniques, and gamified digital therapeutics. Research indicates that digital therapeutics show significant short-term effects, particularly in alleviating physiological arousal and improving avoidance behaviors. Nevertheless, challenges remain, including individual differences in efficacy, insufficient cultural adaptability, and limitations in comorbid intervention. Future directions include multimodal neural feedback, AI-based psychological interventions, metaverse therapy, and the integration of digital therapeutics with traditional treatments. This article aims to provide a theoretical foundation for building an intervention ecosystem that integrates "evidence-based practice, technological development, and policy regulation," promoting the precision and personalization of adolescent SAD interventions.

Key words: social anxiety disorder, digital therapeutics, virtual reality exposure therapy

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