实用医学杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (19): 2738-2746.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2024.19.013

• 医学检查与临床诊断 • 上一篇    下一篇

微滴式数字PCR技术快速诊断侵袭性念珠菌病的方法建立

何志捷1,李伟超2,何铭辉3,陈晓彤2,林钊3,植耀炜2()   

  1. 1.广州新华学院康复医学系 (广东 广州 510520 )
    2.中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院 (广东 广州 510000 )
    3.广州永诺医学检验所有限公司 (广东 广州 510000 )
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-31 出版日期:2024-10-10 发布日期:2024-10-22
  • 通讯作者: 植耀炜 E-mail:zhiyw@mail.sysu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2022A1515011248)

Rapid diagnosis of invasive candidiasis by droplet digital PCR

Zhijie HE1,Weichao LI2,Minghui HE3,Xiaotong CHEN2,Zhao LIN3,Yaowei. ZHI2()   

  1. *.Faculty of Rehabilitaion Medicine,Guangzhou Xinhua University,Guangzhou 510520,Guangdong,China
  • Received:2024-05-31 Online:2024-10-10 Published:2024-10-22
  • Contact: Yaowei. ZHI E-mail:zhiyw@mail.sysu.edu.cn

摘要:

目的 建立基于微滴式数字PCR(droplet digital PCR, ddPCR)技术快速检测重症患者侵袭性念珠菌感染的方法。 方法 基于微滴式数字PCR平台建立检测体系,设计四种念珠菌(白色念珠菌、光滑念珠菌、近平滑念珠菌和热带滑念珠菌)特异性引物探针;(1)对无模板对照(no tmplate contral, NTC)样品进行检测,确定空白限(limit of blank, LOB)范围和阳性判断值;(2)通过对阳性样本进行稀释,每个浓度梯度各进行10次重复提取检测,确定检测限(limit of detection, LOD)范围;(3)重复检测稀释后的样本,确定定量限(limit of quantitation, LOQ)范围;(4)对阳性样品进行梯度稀释,确定线性范围;(5)通过2个高低浓度的阳性样本提取检测,进行12次重复性测试,计算结果浓度对数值的变异系数(CV);(6)通过具有真菌培养结果的临床样本进行检测,评估方法可靠度。 结果 ddPCR检测念珠菌LOB在0 ~ 81 copies/mL之间,阳性判断值为≥ 3个阳性微滴;LOD为3 × 102 copies/mL;LOQ为3 × 102copies/mL;不同浓度梯度检测线性范围是3 × 102 ~ 3 × 107copies/mL,相关系数为:白色念珠菌R2 = 0.999 5、光滑念珠菌R2 = 0.998 9、近平滑念珠菌R2 = 0.999 4、热带滑念珠菌R2 = 0.999;结果浓度对数值的CV < 5%,满足精密度要求;通过检测建立方法初步验证临床标本,结果与临床培养结果一致。 结论 ddPCR对重症患者侵袭性念珠菌感染的检测灵敏度高、重复性好,特异性高。

关键词: 微滴式数字PCR, 侵袭性念珠菌病, 快速诊断

Abstract:

Objective To establish a rapid detection method for invasive candidiasis based on droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR). Methods We developed an assay system using a microtitre-based digital PCR platform and designed primer probes specific for four Candida species, namely Candida albicans, Candida smoothii, Candida near-smoothii, and Candida tropicalis. (1) The Limit of Blank (LOB) range and positive judgment value were determined by analyzing No Template Control (NTC) samples. (2) The Limit of Detection (LOD) range was determined by diluting positive samples with 10 replicate extractions at each concentration gradient. (3) The Linear Limit of Quantitation (LOQ) range was determined by repetitive testing of diluted samples. (4) The linear range limit was determined through gradient dilution of the positive samples. (5) The coefficient of variation (CV), calculated from the logarithmic values of the resultant concentrations, was assessed by extracting and testing positive samples in 12 repetitions at both high and low concentrations. (6) Method reliability was evaluated by calculating the CV from the logarithmic values of the resultant concentrations obtained from clinical samples with fungal culture results. Results The ddPCR assay detected Candida LOB at a range of 0 ~ 81 copies/mL, with a positive threshold set at ≥ 3 positive microdroplets. The LOD and LOQ were determined to be 3 × 102 copies/mL. The linear range for detecting different concentration gradients was found to be between 3 × 102 and 3 × 107 copies/mL, with high correlation coefficients observed for Candida albicans (R2 = 0.999 5), Candida smoothii (R2 = 0.998 9), Candida near-smoothii (R2 = 0.999 4), and Candida tropicalis (R2 = 0.999). Additionally, the coefficient of variation for the resultant concentration logarithmic values was less than 5%, meeting precision requirements. Furthermore, preliminary validation using clinical specimens demonstrated consistent results compared to clinical culture findings. Conclusion ddPCR exhibits rapidity, high sensitivity, good repeatability, and high specificity in detecting invasive candidiasis in critically ill patients. This study highlights the potential value of droplet digital PCR as a diagnostic tool for invasive candidiasis.

Key words: droplet digital PCR, invasive candidiasis, rapid diagnosis

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