实用医学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 348-354.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2026.02.022

• 论著·临床实践 • 上一篇    

基于Rockall危险性积分的分级干预在急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血患者的效果

王丽莎1(),谢桂琼1,王曦1,李倩1,王春霞2,田苗3,代虹1,陈琳琳1,贾玉兰1   

  1. 1.德阳市人民医院消化内科 (四川 德阳 618000 )
    2.德阳市第二人民医院 神经内科 (四川 德阳 618000 )
    3.德阳市第二人民医院 康复医学科 (四川 德阳 618000 )
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-14 出版日期:2026-01-25 发布日期:2026-01-22
  • 通讯作者: 王丽莎 E-mail:15883637174@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    2023年度四川省护理科研课题立项(H23029)

Effect of graded intervention based on Rockall risk score in patients with acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Lisha WANG1(),Guiqiong XIE1,Xi WANG1,Qian LI1,Chunxia WANG2,Miao TIAN3,Hong Dai1,Linlin CHEN1,Yulan JIA1   

  1. 1.Department of Gastroenterology,Deyang People's Hospital,Deyang 618000,Sichuan,China
    2.Department of Neurology,Deyang Second People's Hospital,Deyang 618000,Sichuan,China
    3.Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,Deyang Second People's Hospital,Deyang 618000,Sichuan,China
  • Received:2025-08-14 Online:2026-01-25 Published:2026-01-22
  • Contact: Lisha WANG E-mail:15883637174@163.com

摘要:

目的 探讨基于Rockall危险性积分的分级干预在急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血(ANVUGIB)患者的应用效果。 方法 选取2021年1月至2025年1月收治的218例ANVUGIB患者,随机分为研究组(n = 110)和对照组(n = 108)。对照组采取ANVUGIB常规治疗干预措施。研究组在ANVUGIB常规治疗干预措施的基础上实施基于Rockall危险性积分的分级干预。比较两组患者不同Rockall危险分级下的再出血率、血红蛋白(Hb)、血小板计数(PLT)、临床症状改善时间、ANVUGIB自我管理评分、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分、临床结局。 结果 干预后,研究组Rockall中危、高危患者的再出血率分别为12.90%和17.65%,均低于对照组的28.57%和53.85%(P < 0.05)。研究组的总再出血率为10.00%,低于对照组的25.93%(P < 0.05)。研究组干预1周、1个月后Hb、PLT均高于对照组(P < 0.05)。研究组出血停止、呕血或黑便消失、血压恢复正常、心率恢复正常的时间均短于对照组(P < 0.05)。研究组干预1周、1个月后ANVUGIB自我管理评分均高于对照组(P < 0.05)。研究组干预1周、1个月后SAS和SDS评分均低于对照组(P < 0.05)。两组患者住院期间输血率、并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。研究组患者的住院时间短于对照组(P < 0.05)。 结论 基于Rockall危险性积分的分级干预可改善ANVUGIB患者出血症状,降低再出血率,提高自我管理能力,缓解焦虑情绪,改善临床结局。

关键词: 急性非静脉曲张性上消化道出血, Rockall危险性积分, 分级干预, 再出血, 自我管理

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the application effect of graded intervention based on Rockall risk score in patients with acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (ANVUGIB). Methods A total of 218 patients with ANVUGIB admitted to the hospital between January 2021 and January 2025 were selected, and randomly assigned to the study group (n = 110) and the control group (n = 108). The control group received conventional treatment and intervention measures. On this basis, the study group was given graded intervention based on Rockall risk score. Comparisons were made between the two groups on rebleeding rates under different Rockall risk levels, hemoglobin (Hb) levels, platelet count (PLT), clinical symptom improvement time, ANVUGIB self-management scores, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) scores, and clinical outcomes. Results After intervention, the rebleeding rates of patients at intermediate Rockall risk and high risk in the study group (12.90% and 17.65%) were lower than those in the control group (28.57% and 53.85%) (P < 0.05). The total rebleeding rate in the study group (10.00%) was lower than that in the control group (25.93%) (P < 0.05). After 1 week and 1 month of intervention, Hb levels and PLT in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The time to stopping bleeding, hematemesis or melena disappearing, blood pressure returning to normal, and heart rate returning to normal was shorter in the study group than in the control group (P < 0.05). After 1 week and 1 month of intervention, ANVUGIB self-management scores of the study group were higher than those of the control group. The SAS and SDS scores were lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The blood transfusion rate and complication rate during hospitalization were comparable between the two groups of patients (P > 0.05). Hospital stay of the study group was shorter than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Graded intervention based on Rockall risk score can improve bleeding symptoms, reduce rebleeding rate, enhance self-management ability, alleviate anxiety, and improve clinical outcomes in patients with ANVUGIB.

Key words: acute non variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding, Rockall risk score, graded intervention, bleeding again, self-management

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