实用医学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 276-284.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2026.02.013

• 专题报道:骨科 • 上一篇    

免疫细胞相关因子介导的骨稳态失衡及其在骨相关疾病中的研究进展

刘洋1,2,程畅波1,2,卢鸿铎1,3,陈犇璐1,2,陈志文1,2,陈镇秋4,5,凡一诺1,5()   

  1. 1.广州中医药大学第一临床医学院 (广东 广州 510499 )
    2.广州中医药大学岭南医学研究中心 (广东 广州 510388 )
    3.广州中医药大学第三附属医院 (广东 广州 510378 )
    4.中医证候全国重点实验室 (广东 广州 510000 )
    5.广州中医药大学第一附属医院骨伤中心股骨头坏死科 (广东 广州 510405 )
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-22 修回日期:2025-11-19 接受日期:2025-11-25 出版日期:2026-01-25 发布日期:2026-01-22
  • 通讯作者: 凡一诺 E-mail:fanyinuo9557@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(82374475);中医证候全国重点实验室开放课题重点项目(SKLKY2024B0004Z)

Research progress on immune cells and related cytokines mediated imbalance of bone homeostasis and its roles in bone-related diseases

Yang LIU1,2,Changbo CHENG1,2,Hongduo LU1,3,Benlu CHEN1,2,Zhiwen CHEN1,2,Zhenqiu CHEN4,5,Yinuo FAN1,5()   

  1. 1.The first Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou 510499,Guangdong,China
    2.Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou 510388,Guangdong,China
    3.The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou 510378,Guangdong,China
    4.State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome,Guangzhou 510000,Guangdong,China
    5.Department of Femoral Head Necrosis,Bone Injury Center,First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou 510405,Guangdong,China
  • Received:2025-09-22 Revised:2025-11-19 Accepted:2025-11-25 Online:2026-01-25 Published:2026-01-22
  • Contact: Yinuo FAN E-mail:fanyinuo9557@126.com

摘要:

骨稳态的平衡对于维持骨骼健康而言非常关键,它涉及到由成骨细胞所介导的骨形成以及由破骨细胞所介导的骨吸收,近些年来,随着骨免疫学(osteoimmunology)研究的深入,免疫细胞相关因子在骨稳态里的作用日益受到人们的关注,大量证据表明,白细胞介素(interleukins, ILs)、肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factors, TNFs)、干扰素(interferons, IFNs)等细胞因子不仅参与免疫应答,还通过影响成骨细胞分化、破骨细胞生成及其活性,直接或间接地调控骨重建过程。然而,目前针对免疫细胞因子与骨稳态关系的系统性总结仍相对匮乏,尤其是在不同因子作用机制、信号通路及其在骨相关疾病(如骨质疏松、类风湿性关节炎、骨关节炎等)中的病理角色方面,尚缺乏全面的综述与整合分析。该文拟对免疫细胞相关因子对骨稳态的影响展开综述,重点探讨其对成骨细胞与破骨细胞功能的调节机制,并结合最新研究进展分析这些因子在骨稳态相关疾病发生发展中的作用。旨在为深入理解骨免疫调控网络及骨代谢疾病的防治提供理论依据与潜在的干预靶点。

关键词: 免疫细胞相关因子, 骨稳态, 成骨细胞, 破骨细胞, 骨免疫学

Abstract:

The equilibrium of bone homeostasis is crucial for sustaining skeletal health, which depends on the precise regulation between bone formation mediated by osteoblasts and bone resorption mediated by osteoclasts. In recent years, with the progress of osteoimmunology research, more and more attention has been devoted to the role of immune cell?derived factors in bone homeostasis. A growing amount of evidence demonstrates that cytokines such as interleukins (ILs), tumor necrosis factors (TNFs), and interferons (IFNs) not only take part in immune responses but also directly or indirectly regulate bone remodeling by affecting osteoblast differentiation, osteoclastogenesis, and osteoclast activity. However, systematic summaries that address the relationship between immune cell-derived cytokines and bone homeostasis are still relatively scarce. This is especially true when it comes to the mechanisms of action, signaling pathways, and pathological roles of different cytokines in bone-related diseases such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis. This review intends to comprehensively investigate the effects of immune cell-derived cytokines, including interleukins, tumor necrosis factors, and interferons, on bone homeostasis, with an emphasis on their regulatory mechanisms in osteoblast and osteoclast function. Moreover, it will incorporate the latest research progress to analyze the participation of these cytokines in the onset and progression of bone homeostasis-related diseases, thus offering a theoretical foundation and potential therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of bone metabolic disorders.

Key words: immune cells and related cytokines, bone homeostasis, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteoimmunology

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