实用医学杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (3): 281-287.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006⁃5725.2022.03.005

• 专题报道 • 上一篇    下一篇

汉族与藏族健康人群肠道菌群结构的差异

毛明慧1 牛玥1 陈春2 李树春1   

  1. 1中央民族大学药学院,民族医药教育部重点实验室(北京 100081);2海西州天峻县织合玛乡卫生院(青海天峻 817200)

  • 出版日期:2022-02-10 发布日期:2022-02-10
  • 通讯作者: 李树春 E⁃mail:jason@muc.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中央民族大学自主科研项目(编号:MDYY060)

An analysis on the differences of gut microbiome structure between healthy Han and Tibetan population

MAO Minghui*,NIU Yue,CHEN Chun,LI Shuchun.   

  1. School of Pharmacy,Minzu University of China,Key Labo⁃ratory of Ethnomedicine,Ministry of Education,Beijing 100081,China

  • Online:2022-02-10 Published:2022-02-10
  • Contact: LI Shuchun E⁃mail:jason@muc.edu.cn

摘要:

目的 探究汉族和藏族健康人群肠道菌群差异,为种族⁃微生物群假说以及以菌群为研究对象的疾病机制研究提供参考。方法 采集同一地区汉族和藏族健康志愿者粪便样本共 133 例,通过倾向性评分匹配法(propensity score matching,PSM)筛选出 42 例样本,其中,汉族样本 14 例,藏族样本 28 例。通过对样本 DNA 的 16S rRNA 基因 V3+V4 区高通量测序后,生成 OTU 表并注释。在分析 Alpha、Beta 多样性基础上,使用 R 语言的 DESeq2 包和 edgeR 包进行汉族和藏族的肠道菌群差异分析;通过 bnlearn 包、psych 包和 reshape2 包进行网络分析,筛选与民族因素密切相关的菌群,通过 LEfSe 分析鉴定物种在属水平上的民族生物标志物。最后通过 IDBA⁃UD 软件将高质量数据进行拼接组装,使用 CD⁃HIT 软件构建非冗余基因集,使用 PICRUST 分析,获得代谢通路信息和 GO 注释结果。利用 STAMP 软件进行组间差异分析,比较两组代谢通路的差异。结果 汉族和藏族肠道菌群共有 199 个差异 OTU,证明汉族和藏族人群的肠道菌群存在差异。藏族肠道菌群中瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcus)、厌氧支原体属(Anaeroplasma)、变形杆菌属(Proteobacteria)显著高于汉族;丁酸蓖麻单胞菌(Butyricimonas)、粪厌氧棒杆菌(Anaerostipes)、小杆菌属(Dialister)显著低于汉族。与民族因素密切相关的菌群有普氏菌(copri)、粪普雷沃氏菌(stercorea)、副流感嗜血杆菌(Haemophilus parainfluenzae)等。藏族在属水平上菌群标志物为假丁酸弧菌(Pseudobutyrivibrio)、琥珀酸弧菌属(Succinivibrio)、伯吉古菌(Catenibaterium);汉族属水平上的生物标志物为小杆菌属(Dialister)、血尿杆菌(Turicibacter)。差异代谢通路共有 10 个,在藏族组中显著上调的通路有酶家族、复制和修复、转化、核苷酸代谢、萜类化合物和聚酮类化合物的代谢。结论 本研究部分验证了种族⁃微生物群假说,菌群与疾病的相关研究应考虑民族因素的影响。

关键词:

汉族, 藏族, 肠道菌群, 16S rRNA

Abstract:

Objective To explore the differences of intestinal flora between healthy Han and Tibetanpeople,so as to provide reference for race⁃microbiota hypothesis and the research on pathogenesis mechanism withmicrobiota as a study object. Methods A total of 128 fecal samples of healthy Han and Tibetan volunteers in thesame area were collected. 42 samples were screened by propensity score matching(PSM),including 14 Han and28 Tibetan samples. After high⁃throughput sequencing of the V3 plus V4 region in 16S rRNA gene of sample DNA,OTU table was generated and annotated. Based on the analysis of alpha and beta diversity,DESeq2 package andedgeR package of R language were used to analyze the difference in intestinal flora between Han and Tibetan;Net⁃work analysis was carried out by bnlean package,psych package and reshape2 package to screen the flora closelyrelated to ethnic factors,and the ethnic biomarkers of species at the genus level were identified by LEfSe analysis.Finally,the high⁃quality data were spliced and assembled by IDBA⁃UD software,the non⁃redundant gene set wasconstructed by CD⁃HIT software,and the metabolic pathway information and GO annotation results were obtainedby PICRUST analysis. The differences between the two groups were analyzed by STAMP software to compare thedifferences in metabolic pathways between the two groups. Results There were 199 different OTUs in intestinalflora between Han and Tibetan,proving that differences in intestinal flora existed between Han and Tibetan popula⁃tion. Ruminococcus,Anaeroplasma and Proteobacteria were significantly higher while Butyricum,Anaerostipes and Dialist were markedly lower in Tibetan intestinal flora than in Han flora. The flora closely related to ethnicfactors included Copri,Stercorea,and Haemophilus parainfluenzae. At the genus level,Pseudobutyricvibrio,Suc⁃cinicvibrio and Catenibaterium were the flora markers in Tibetan people,so were Dialster and Turibacter in Han.There were 10 different metabolic pathways. The significantly up⁃regulated pathways in the Tibetan group includedenzyme families,replication and repair,translation,nucleotide metabolism,metabolism of terpenoids andpolyketides. Conclusions This study partially verified the race⁃microbiota hypothesis. The influence of ethnic fac⁃tors should be considered in the study of flora and diseases.

Key words:

Han nationality, Tibetan nationality, intestinal flora, 16S rRNA

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