实用医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (18): 2865-2870.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2025.18.012

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    

两种内固定方式治疗Schatzker Ⅳ型胫骨平台骨折后外侧柱损伤的疗效比较

张天宇1,2,王磊1,王辉3(),李军1   

  1. 1.唐山市第二医院,创伤科,(河北 唐山 063000 )
    2.唐山市第二医院,手外科,(河北 唐山 063000 )
    2.华北理工大学研究生学院 (河北 唐山 063210 )
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-03 出版日期:2025-09-20 发布日期:2025-09-25
  • 通讯作者: 王辉 E-mail:wanghuiyxx@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    河北省医学科学研究重点课题计划(20181296)

The efficacy comparison of two kinds of internal fixation methods for treating Schatzker type tibial plateau fractures with lateral column injury

Tianyu ZHANG1,2,Lei WANG1,Hui WANG3(),Jun LI1   

  1. Department of Trauma,Tangshan Second Hospital,Tangshan 063000,Hebei,China
    *.Graduate School of North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,Hebei,China
  • Received:2025-07-03 Online:2025-09-20 Published:2025-09-25
  • Contact: Hui WANG E-mail:wanghuiyxx@163.com

摘要:

目的 比较两种内固定方法治疗Schatzker Ⅳ型胫骨平台骨折后外侧柱的临床效果。 方法 回顾性分析2019年3月至2024年8月期间医院收治的Schatzker Ⅳ型胫骨平台骨折后外侧柱损伤进行手术治疗的61例患者临床资料,将其中单纯应用外侧钢板固定的34例患者作为观察组,应用后侧T型钢板联合外侧钢板固定的27例患者为对照组。 结果 两组术后切口均无丙级愈合。观察组切口甲级愈合发生率(94.1%)高于对照组(70.4%),手术时间(83.8 ± 8.5) min短于对照组(115.7 ± 11.2) min,术后住院时间(12.5 ± 3.1)d短于对照组(14.9 ± 3.2)d,术中出血量(271.0 ± 51.3)mL少于对照组(308.5 ± 60.1)mL,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。两组患者骨折愈合时间差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。末次随访时,两组患者KSS及VAS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。 结论 单纯外侧钢板固定法和后侧T型钢板联合外侧钢板固定法均可治疗Schatzker Ⅳ型胫骨平台骨折伴后外侧柱损伤,但单纯外侧钢板固定手术时间及住院时间短、出血量少,切口愈合率高。

关键词: 胫骨平台骨折, Schatzker Ⅳ型骨折, 前外侧入路, 后内侧入路, 后外侧柱, 对比研究

Abstract:

Objective To compare the clinical outcomes of two internal fixation methods for the treatment of lateral column injuries following Schatzker type Ⅳ tibial plateau fractures with posterior lateral displacement of bone fragments. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 61 patients who underwent surgical treatment for lateral column injuries associated with Schatzker type Ⅳ tibial plateau fractures at the institution between March 2019 and August 2024. Of these patients, 34 who were treated with isolated lateral plating were allocated to the experimental group, and 27 who received combined fixation using a posterior T-plate and lateral plate were assigned to the control group. Results Both groups showed no incidence of grade C wound healing following surgery. The experimental group demonstrated a grade A wound healing rate of 94.1%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (70.4%). The surgical duration in the experimental group was significantly shorter [(83.8 ± 8.5) minutes] compared to the control group [(115.7 ± 11.2) minutes]. Additionally, the postoperative hospital stay was shorter in the experimental group [(12.5 ± 3.1) d] than in the control group [(14.9 ± 3.2) d]. The intraoperative blood loss in the experimental group [(271.0 ± 51.3) mL] was also significantly lower than that in the control group [(308.5 ± 60.1) mL], and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed in fracture healing time between the two groups (P > 0.05). At the final follow-up, no statistically significant differences were found in KSS or VAS scores between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions Both the simple lateral plate fixation method and the posterior T-shaped plate combined with lateral plate fixation method are applicable for the treatment of Schatzker type Ⅳ tibial plateau fractures involving posterior-lateral column injuries. However, the simple lateral plate fixation method is associated with shorter surgical duration, reduced hospitalization, less intraoperative blood loss, and a higher rate of incision healing.

Key words: tibial plateau fracture, Schatzker type Ⅳ fracture, anterolateral approach, posteromedial approach, posterolateral column, comparative study

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